生产建设项目弃土弃渣与林地土壤入渗特征分析  

Infiltration Characteristics of Production and Construction Projects Spoil and Woodland Soil

作　　者：郭宏忠 蒋光毅 江东 汪三树[2] 史东梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市水土保持生态环境监测总站,重庆401147 [2]西南大学资源环境学院/水土保持生态环境研究所,重庆400715

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2014年第7期51-53,73,共3页Soil and Water Conservation in China

基　　金：水利局科研项目"生产建设项目弃土弃渣水土流失规律研究"(2011);重庆市"生产建设项目水土流失危害研究"项目(2012)

摘　　要：针对弃土弃渣物质组成复杂、结构混乱、养分含量较低的特点,采用野外双环入渗方法对不同堆置年限弃土弃渣水分入渗性能进行了研究。结果表明:与桑树林地相比,弃土弃渣土石混合不均匀导致其孔隙结构较差,土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度均显著小于林地;桑树林地与弃土弃渣入渗过程最大的差异在于初始入渗阶段,此阶段弃土弃渣入渗率下降迅速并呈波动性减少趋势,且入渗特征与土体疏松多孔的结构特征、自然含水率和容重关系密切;最大持水量表现为桑树林地Ld(116.37 t/hm2)>堆置3年弃土弃渣L3a(106.77 t/hm2)>堆置1年弃土弃渣L1a(103.98 t/hm2),非毛管持水量表现为Ld(82.65 t/hm2)>L3a(51.74 t/hm2)>L1a(43.22 t/hm2),林地的水源涵养功能明显强于弃土弃渣,而L3a土壤持水性能要高于L1a。According to the characteristics of complex composition,disordered structure and lower nutrient content of spoil materials,the paper studied the infiltration capacity of spoil piled up for different years by using field double-cycle infiltration method. The outcomes show that a)comparing with mulberry woodland,the uneven mixture of spoil leads to poor pore structure and the total porosity of soil and capillary porosity are all smaller than that of woodland; b) the maximum difference of infiltration process of mulberry woodland and spoil is in the initial infiltration stage. The infiltration rate of spoil at this stage decreases rapidly and shows the tendency of undulatory reduction. The typical infiltration characteristics have close relationship with the structural character of loose and porous soil,natural moisture content and unit weight and;c) the maximum water-holding capacity is Ld(116.37 t/hm2) >L3a(106.77 t/hm2) > L1a(103.98 t/hm2),the water-holding capacity of non-capillary is Ld(82.65 t/hm2) > L3a(51.74 t/hm2) > L1a(43.22 t/hm2)and the water conservation function of woodland is obviously stronger than that of spoil and L3 awater retention capacity of soil is higher than that of L1 a.

关 键 词：弃土弃渣 林地 入渗性能 蓄水能力 生态修复 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]