石煤直接酸浸提钒富液铵盐沉钒工艺研究  

Vanadium Precipitating Process by Ammonium Salts in Acid Leaching Vanadium-rich Solution After Vanadium Extracting from Stone Coal

作　　者：郝文彬 戴子林[2] 郭秋松[2] 危青[2] 李云霄 

机构地区：[1]陕西五洲矿业股份有限公司,陕西商洛711400 [2]广州有色金属研究院,广东广州510651

出　　处：《金属矿山》2014年第6期75-78,共4页Metal Mine

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(编号:2012B010500023)

摘　　要：陕西五洲矿业股份有限公司原采用直接酸浸—萃取—反萃取—氨水沉钒工艺处理含钒石煤,存在氨水沉钒率低(95%左右)、沉钒母液氨氮含量和沉钒滤饼烧失率高、液氨价格高且运输困难、最终V2O5产品质量不稳定等问题。为解决这些问题,首先通过实验室试验考察了用铵盐取代氨水从五洲矿业反萃取富钒液中沉钒的可能性,结果表明,所使用的3种铵盐均可取得比氨水好的沉钒效果,其中尤以碳酸氢铵的沉钒效果为最佳(沉钒率和最终V2O5产品的纯度均为最高,同时母液的氨氮含量和滤饼的烧失率均为最低),而碳酸氢铵的合适用量是使加铵系数为2。根据实验室试验结果,进一步在五洲矿业钒选冶厂沉钒车间进行了用碳酸氢铵代替氨水的工业试验,结果显示,沉钒率可达到近99%,最终V2O5产品的纯度可稳定在98%以上,从而验证了用碳酸氢铵代替氨水的有效性。按照工业试验结果进行测算,采用碳酸氢铵作为沉钒剂,可使五洲矿业年经济效益提高300万元。The process consisting of direct acid leaching-extraction-back extraction-vanadium precipitation by ammonia is adopted to treat the vanadium-containing stone coal in Shaanxi Wuzhou Mining Co. , Ltd.. However, there are some problems in this treatment such as low vanadium precipitation rate （ about 95% ）, high content of ammonia-nitrogen in mother liquid and high LOI in filtering cake of vanadium precipitation, high prices of liquid ammonia, difficulty in transportation, and instable quality of final product V2 05. To solve these problems, possibility of vanadium precipitation from back-extracting vanadium- rich liquid in Wuzhou Mining Company by ammonium salts to substitute liquid ammonia was firstly investigated in laboratory. The results showed that all three kinds of ammonium salts adopted in the laboratory obtained better vanadium precipitation effect than the liquid ammonia. Especially, ammonium bicarbonate is the best one （ highest vanadium precipitation and highest purity in the final products V2 05 , lowest ammonia-nitrogen content in mother liquid and lowest LOI of filtering cake）. The suitable dosage of ammonium bicarbonate is as two times as ammonium factor. According to laboratory test results, industrial tests of ammonia bicarbonate instead of liquid ammonia are further carried out in vanadium precipitation workshop of Wuzhou Mining Company. The test results showed that its vanadium precipitation rate reached nearly 99%, and the purity of final product V205 was stabilized at 98 % or more. These verify the effectiveness of ammonium bicarbonate instead of liquid ammonia. In accordance with industrial estimates, the ammonium bicarbonate as vanadium precipitation agent may increase economic benefit by 300 million in Wuzhou Mining Company.

关 键 词：石煤提钒 反萃取富钒液 沉钒 碳酸氢铵 氨水 

分 类 号：TD954[矿业工程—选矿] TD925.6