液压弹簧操动机构碟形弹簧断裂原因分析  

Cracking Analysis on Disk Springs of Hydraulic Spring Operation System

作　　者：王建伟[1] 宋超[1] 张地生[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安西电高压开关有限责任公司,西安710018

出　　处：《失效分析与预防》2014年第3期172-177,共6页Failure Analysis and Prevention

摘　　要：操动机构产品碟形弹簧在使用过程中发生早期疲劳断裂,通过宏观检验、化学分析、金相检验、扫描电镜与能谱分析等方法对碟形弹簧断裂的原因进行了分析。结果表明:在碟形弹簧凹面内环面和端面交界处存在较集中的疏松孔隙,且有的贯通至表面而形成预裂纹,其在最大交变切应力作用下造成应力集中,预裂纹优先发展成疲劳裂纹源并扩展导致碟形弹簧断裂。碟形弹簧表面存在的折迭、微裂纹和疤痕等缺陷也是极大的安全隐患。Early fatigue fracture occurred to disk springs of hydraulic spring operation system during service. The failure cause was analyzed by means of chemical analysis, metallographic examination, seanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis. The results show that there existed a higher concentration of loose structure and pores at the junction of the concave inner surface and the end of the disc spring, and some of them broke through to the surface, forming a pre-craek. Stress concentration was caused by pre-cracks under the effect of maximum alternating shear stress. Pre-cracks acted as fatigue crack source. Fatigue crack propagated and resulted in the fracture. Defects such as folding, micro-cracks and scars at the surface of the disc spring also influence the security of disk springs.

关 键 词：碟形弹簧 疲劳断裂 表面缺陷 疏松 

分 类 号：TH135[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]