体积描记法评估急性下呼吸道感染患儿肺功能的研究  被引量:8

Lung function measurements using body plethysmography in young children with acute lower respiratory tract infection

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作  者:张晓波[1] 蒋高立[1] 王立波[1] 刘丽娟[1] 施鹏[2] 万成宙[1] 钱莉玲[1] 

机构地区:[1]复旦大学附属儿科医院呼吸科,上海201102 [2]复旦大学附属儿科医院信息中心,上海201102

出  处:《中华儿科杂志》2014年第7期525-530,共6页Chinese Journal of Pediatrics

基  金:上海市科委医学引导项目(134119a4200);上海市卫生和计划生育委员会项目(20134249)

摘  要:目的 应用婴幼儿体积描记法(简称体描)评估急性下呼吸道感染(ALRI)患儿肺功能的改变及预后,探讨体描在婴幼儿ALRI中的应用价值.方法 于2012年1月至2013年1月采用体描仪检测444例1~36月龄ALRI患儿(喘息组195例,非喘息组249例)和103名呼吸生理正常婴幼儿(对照组)的潮气呼吸参数、功能残气量(FRC)、气道阻力(Raw),比较ALRI患儿的体描特有指标FRC、Raw与潮气呼吸主要指标的相关性,并于疾病恢复期随访36例喘息组患儿的肺功能.结果 喘息组、非喘息组、对照组的达峰时间比(TPTEF/TE)分别为(20.5±6.7)%、(22.8±6.5)%、(34.6±5.0)%,喘息组明显降低,组间差异有统计学意义(F=110.500,P<0.001);达峰容积比(VPTEF/VE)分别为(23.0±6.3)%、(25.2±6.8)%、(34.5±4.2)%,组间比较差异有统计学意义(F=107.800,P<0.001);喘息组、非喘息组、对照组体描法功能残气量(FRCP)的中位数分别为226、176、172 ml;千克体重功能残气量(FRCP/kg)分别为24.40、17.80、17.60 ml/kg;特殊有效气道阻力(sReff)分别为1.00、0.52、0.46 kPa·s;有效气道阻力(Reff)分别为3.90、2.74、2.20 kPa·s/L;千克体重有效气道阻力(Reff/kg)分别为0.42、0.29、0.22 kPa· s/(L·kg),组间比较差异均有统计学意义(x2=64.870、68.890、75.240、36.480、29.460,P<0.001).喘息组患儿中仅有25例潮气呼吸参数正常者,与对照组中年龄、身长、体重、性别构成与之相近的30名婴幼儿的体描参数相比较,发现FRCP、FRCP/kg、sReff、Reff、Reff/kg均明显高于对照组(=2.221、1.997、2.502、2.587、2.539,P均<0.05).FRCP、FRCP/kg、sReff、Reff及Reff/kg均与潮气呼吸主要指标TPTEF/TE、VPTEF/VE呈负相关(P均<0.05).36例喘息组患儿疾病恢复期潮气呼吸主要参数TPTEF/TE、VPTEF/VE未见明显改善,而FRCP、FRCP/kg、sReff、Reff、Reff/kg等体描特有参数较急性�Objective Body plethysmography is a typical method to measure functional residual capacity (FRC) and airway resistance (Raw).The aim of the study was to test the feasibility of measuring lung function with the body plethysmography in young children with acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI) by evaluating changes and prognosis of lung function for infants with ALRI with or without wheezing via body plethysmograph.Method Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were performed by using body plethysmography in 444 children with ALRI,aged 1-36 months,to assess their tidal breathing parameters such as ratio of time to peak tidal expiratory flow to total expiratory time (TPTEF/TE),ratio of volume to peak tidal expiratory flow to total expiratory volume (VPTEF/VE),plethysmographic functional residual capacity (FRCP),FRCP per kilogram (FRCP/kg),specific effective airway resistance (sReff),effective airway resistance (Reff),Reff per kilogram (Reff/kg),etc.According to whether there was wheezing or not,children who had ALRI with wheezing were classified as Group-W,or without wheezing as GroupN.Changes or correlations of tidal breathing parameters and plethysmographic parameters were compared.One hundred and three contemporaneous healthy controls aged 1-36 months underwent the same tests for comparison.And 36 wheezing children accepted PFTs at follow-up in recovery phase.Result Mean values of TPTEF/TE in Group-W,Group-N and the Control respectively were (20.5 ± 6.7) %,(22.8 ± 6.5) %,(34.6 ± 5.0) % (F =110.500,P 〈 0.001),while VPTEF/VE respectively were (23.0 ± 6.3) %,(25.2 ± 6.8) %,(34.5 ± 4.2) % (F =107.800,P 〈 0.001).Compared to the Control,Group-W and Group-N had significantly higher values of FRCP(226 vs.176 vs.172 ml,x2 =64.870,P 〈0.001),FRCP/ kg(24.40 vs.17.80 vs.17.60 ml/kg,x2 =68.890,P 〈0.001),sReff(1.00 vs.0.52 vs.0.46 kPa · s,x2 =75.240,P〈0.001),Reff (3.90 vs.2.74 vs.2.20 kPa · s/L,x2 =36.480,P 〈0.001) an

关 键 词:呼吸功能试验 体积描记术 呼吸道感染 

分 类 号:R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]

 

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