冬季两项运动员心理疲劳、应对技能与运动状态自信心的关系及个案分析  

The Relationship of Biathlon Athletes' Mental Fatigue,Coping Skills and Self-confidence of Motion State and Case Analysis

作　　者：杨阿丽[1] 张涛 安林波 刘光途 来林[1] 王楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳体育学院体育社会科学研究中心,辽宁沈阳110102 [2]解放军八一雪上运动大队,辽宁大连116041

出　　处：《冰雪运动》2013年第5期47-52,共6页China Winter Sports

基　　金：国家科技部支撑计划课题(2009BAK57B04);国家队科研综合攻关研究课题(2012A013)

摘　　要：揭示冬季两项运动员运动状态自信心、心理疲劳、应对技能的特点及其关系,并通过对优秀运动员的个案分析,监测运动员的心理状况,为运动员心理训练和备战2014年冬奥会的心理服务提供实证依据。采用问卷法对我国25名冬季两项运动员进行调查,并采用个案法对5名国家队优秀运动员进行分析。结果显示:冬季两项运动员心理疲劳程度接近或处于中等水平,运动状态自信心水平较高;冬季两项运动员的成就感降低可显著负向预测运动状态自信心,承受压力能力可显著正向预测运动状态自信心;从个案看,优秀冬季两项运动员均具有较高的运动状态自信心,成就感降低和承受压力能力对冬季两项运动员运动状态自信心有较大影响。个别优秀运动员在应对技能方面尚需提高,在心理疲劳方面需要给予重视。应针对冬季两项运动员的运动心理特点及存在问题,制定个性化心理干预方案。It shows the characteristics and reveals and relationship between biathlon athletes＇ s self - confi- dence of motion state, mental fatigue, coping skills, and through case analysis of elite athletes, psychologi- cal condition monitoring of athletes, so as to provide empirical evidence for psychological training and prepa- ration of 2014 Winter Olympics. This paper will use the method of questionnaire between 25 Chinese biath- Ion athletes, it can use case study to analysis the five excellent national team athletes, results are showed that biathlon athletes＇ mental fatigue level is close to or at a moderate level, confidence of motion state level is higher; biathlon athletes personal accomplishments significantly are negative prediction of the self- confi- dence of motion state, ability under pressure can significantly positively predict self - confidence of motion state; from the case, excellent biathlon athletes have higher self - confidence of motion state , the decrease of personal accomplishment and ability has a great influence on biathlon athletes＇ self - confidence of motion state. Individual athletes still need to be improved in coping skills, and need to pay attention to mental fa- tigue. For the biathlon athletes＇psychological characteristics and the existing problems, we should make the development of personalized psychological intervention.

关 键 词：冬季两项运动员 运动状态自信心 心理疲劳 应对技能 个案分析 

分 类 号：G804.86[文化科学—运动人体科学]