致密油勘探研究现状  

Current situation of researching tight oil exploration

作　　者：董国栋[1] 张琴[2] 严婷[1] 陈小东[1] 马英[1] 党洲涛 

机构地区：[1]中国石油长庆油田分公司超低渗透油藏研究中心,陕西西安710021 [2]油气资源与探测国家重点实验室.中国石油大学(北京) [3]中国石油长庆油田分公司第一采油厂

出　　处：《石油地质与工程》2013年第5期1-4,145,共4页Petroleum Geology and Engineering

基　　金：中国石油基金项目"全球剩余油气资源研究及油气资源快速评价技术"(2008ZX05028-003)

摘　　要：通过对国内外大量文献的调研,总结了致密油勘探研究现状。研究表明,致密油与页岩油存在差异,研究中应将两者区分开来;广泛分布的致密储层、成熟度适中的优质烃源岩以及烃源岩层与致密储层紧密接触是形成致密油的重要条件;致密油主要发育于前三角洲和重力流沉积环境下形成的细砂岩、粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩以及半深湖-深湖相分布的云质岩和泥灰岩中,其储层物性差,纳米级颗粒内孔、晶间孔和微裂缝在储集空间中占有重要地位;与常规油藏相比,致密油油藏具有生储盖紧邻、受构造圈闭影响小、油藏圈闭界限不明显的特征,原油在运移过程中主要受排烃压力作用以非达西流的方式进行渗流充注,油藏无统一的油气水界面和压力系统,油气水分布无明显规律;国内外对于致密油资源量估算的研究还相对薄弱,目前主要通过盆地模拟法、统计法和类比法对致密油资源量进行评价。Based on a thorough literature investigation,this paper summarizes the current situation of researching tight oil exploration.Tight oil and shale oil are different,so we should distinguish them in the research.The formation of tight oil required the following conditions:wide distribution of tight reservoir,high quality source rock with moderate maturation and close contact between tight reservoir and source rock.Tight oil are mainly developed in fine sandstone,siltstone,argillaceous siltstone which deposited in the environment of delta and gravity flow and dolomite and marl in semideep-deep lake facies,the reservoir physical characters of tight oil are worse and nano — pore throat of grain micropore,inter-crystalline pore and microcrack play an important role in reservoir space of it.Unlike conventional reservoir,tight oil reservoir has the following characteristics:the source- reservoir- cap are closely adjacent,the influence of structural traps are small,trap boundaries is indefinite.Oil in the migration process is mainly affected by the pressure of the hydrocarbon expulsion and filling in a non-Darcy flow.The reservoir has no unified interface of oil,gas and water and pressure systems,also the distribution regularity of oil,gas and water is poor.The tight oil resource estimation study are relatively weak,now we mainly use basin simulation,statistical method and analog study to evaluate the tight oil resource extent.

关 键 词：形成条件 储层特征 成藏特征 研究现状 致密油 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]