2010年-2013年医院感染病原学分析  

Etiological analysis of nosocomial infection from 2010 to 2013

作　　者：邓晓丽[1] 李明[1] 

机构地区：[1]鞍山市疾病预防控制中心,辽宁鞍山114002

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2014年第12期1804-1806,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的了解2010年-2013年连续四年期间鞍山地区医院感染的细菌分布及其对常用抗菌药物的动态变化,为临床控制感染及指导临床合理用药提供依据。方法对市内5所三甲医院感染病原菌的科室分布及耐药性进行统计分析。结果 2010年-2013年共分离出病原菌377株,科室分布情况以呼吸科和神经内科感染率最高;在检出的病原菌当中以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占52.1%,革兰阴性杆菌对氨苄西林、头孢唑林的耐药率最高,对亚胺培南较敏感,且敏感率均在80%以上;革兰阳性球菌分离率占25.9%,且对苯唑西林耐药率最高,对万古霉素较敏感;真菌的感染有所增长,尤以白色念珠菌为主。结论细菌耐药性普遍增多,常用抗菌药物耐药现象严重,应加强对耐药菌株的监控工作,采用统一的药敏试验方法,同时尽可能减少侵入性操作,加强临床用药尤其是新型光谱抗菌药物的合理规范性。Objective To understand the bacteria distribution of nosocomial infection and dynamic change of drug resistance to common antibacterials from 2010 to 2013 in Anshan area,so as to provide basis for clinical infection control and rational drug use. Methods Five grade A tertiary hospitals of Anshan city were selected to analyze the department distribution and drug resistance of hospital- acquired pathogens. Results A total of 377 pathogen strains were isolated from 2010 to 2013,and most were from respiratory department and neurology department. The gram- negative bacillus was dominant in these isolates,accounting for 52. 1%,and highly drug- resistant to ampicillin and cefazolin,while more sensitive to imipenem with the sensitive rate above 80%. The separation rate of gram- positive cocci was 25. 9%,and it had highest drug resistance rate to oxacillin,but more sensitive to vancomycin. Fungal infection rate increased,especially the candida albicans. Conclusion The bacterial drug resistance is generally increasing and drug resistance to common antibacterials is very serious,so supervision and monitoring should be strengthened on the drug- resistant strains. In addition,unified drug sensitive test method,the decrease of invasive operation and rational drug use in clinic,especially the new expended- spectrum antibacterial agents should be adopted to reduce nosocomial infection.

关 键 词：病原学 耐药 分析 

分 类 号：R372[医药卫生—病原生物学]