改性剂中交联剂种类对共混改性聚氯乙烯性能的影响  

Effects of cross-linking agents in the modifiers on properties of the toughened poly (vinyl chloride)

作　　者：陶春影[1] 潘明旺[1] 袁金凤[1] 刘莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学高分子科学与工程研究所,天津300130

出　　处：《河北工业大学学报》2014年第3期49-53,共5页Journal of Hebei University of Technology

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(B2012202131)

摘　　要：以丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为核层单体、氯乙烯(VC)为壳层单体、1,4-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯为交联剂,采用种子乳液聚合的方法制备了不同交联剂种类的核壳型PBA/PVC复合粒子改性剂,用于聚氯乙烯的共混增韧改性.借助于透射电镜、扫描电镜、动态力学分析、转矩流变分析等手段对复合粒子及其共混PVC材料进行了测试和表征.研究结果表明,PBA/PVC复合粒子呈现明显的核壳结构,粒径分布均匀;随着PBA核层与PVC壳层之间接枝程度的增加,其复合粒子的相容性提高;改性剂的加入明显缩短了共混物的塑化时间,有效提高了共混PVC材料的冲击强度,扫描电镜分析确认冲击样条断裂行为为韧性断裂.A new kind of PBA/PVC composite particles with core-shell structure was synthesized by seeded emulsion polymerization, in which poly （butyl acrylate） cross-linked by 1,4-butanediol diacrylate or allyl methacrylate was used as core, and PVC as shell. The composite particles were utilized to toughen PVC modifiers. The composite particles and their blends with PVC were characterized and determined by TEM, SEM, DMA, and torque rheometer, respectively. The results show the PBA/PVC composite particles exhibit a regular and perfect core-shell sphere. Dynamic mechanical analysis results reveal that the compatibility between the PBA core and the PVC shell is well improved with an increasing grafting degree in the modifiers. An incorporation of the composite particles modifiers into PVC resin significantly shortens plasticizing times of the blends, and obviously improves the impact strength of blending PVC materials. Further, SEM observation confirms that ductile fracture appears on the notched-impact breaking surfaces.

关 键 词：核壳结构 相容性 接枝 增韧聚氯乙烯 改性剂 

分 类 号：TQ325.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]