用于模拟游梁式抽油机电动机动态负荷的测试系统设计及应用  

Design and Applications of the Testing System With Dynamic Load for Beam Pumping Motor

作　　者：王博 赵海森 李和明 廉守军[2] 

机构地区：[1]新能源电力系统国家重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京市昌平区102206 [2]大庆石油管理局节能技术监督中心,黑龙江大庆市163455

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2014年第21期3488-3495,共8页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51307050);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2014XS05)~~

摘　　要：抽油机电动机(beam pumping motor,BPM)负荷具有周期性动态变化特点,对于此类工况下的电动机能效检测通常采用标准井测试方法,该方法存在负载单一、通用性差等局限性,难以灵活地模拟油田复杂的负荷特性。为解决这一问题,以国内外油田广泛应用的游梁式抽油机为例,建立了抽油机系统(beam pumping system,BPS)数学模型并分析了模型参数对仿真误差的影响;在此基础上,提出一种通过调整平衡配重及井下摩擦力参数值大小来补偿模型误差的技术手段,并通过遗传算法(genetic algorithms,GA)对上述参数进行优化求解;进一步基于该模型开发出一套室内BPM模拟加载测试系统,该系统采用由四象限变频器与伺服电机组成的能量回馈式单元作负载,仅通过改变上位机BPS模型参数便可实现不同动态负荷的精确模拟。与现场测试结果对比表明,该系统可模拟抽油机空载、轻载及重载工况下的动态负荷特性,误差低于2%,系统节电率达87%。文中研究成果可为油田电机选型及能效动态评估提供重要技术支持。The load characteristics of the beam pumping unit （BPU） are cyclic and dynamic, under such conditions, the standard beam pumping well （BPW） test method commonly used for energy efficiency detection of beam pumping motors （BPM） has some shortcomings, such as load unicity, poor versatility, and BPW cannot simulate a variety of BPM load characteristics flexibly. To solve the problem, the paper established a mathematical model of beam pumping system （BPS） and analyzed the influence of model parameters on simulation error. On the base, a technical means by adjusting the value of the counterweight and down-hole friction to compensate for model error was proposed, and a optimization method based on genetic algorithms （GA） was used to solve the above model parameters. Furthermore, we developed an indoor BPM test platform, in which the energy feedback load scheme consists of the servo motor and a four-quadrant converter was used as the load. Various dynamic loads can be simulated accurately by modifying the model parameters in the PC. Through comparing with field test data of standard BPW, the system can analog beam pumping unit （BPU） dynamic load characteristics under no load, light load and heavy load, and the relative error is lower than 2%, system energy saving rate reaches up to 87%. The achievement can provide the necessary support for motor selection, and energy efficiency estimation in oil fields

关 键 词：抽油机电动机(BPM) 动态负荷 负载模拟 电机 测试 

分 类 号：TM306[电气工程—电机]