不同生境白簕种子形态、品质特征和种子萌发特性的研究  

Study on Morphology,Quality and Germination Characteristics of Acanthopanax trifoliatus Seeds Under Different Habitats

作　　者：肖娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637002

出　　处：《中药材》2014年第5期731-736,共6页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

基　　金：四川省重点学科建设项目(SZD0420);西华师范大学校基金项目(09A024)

摘　　要：目的:初步了解采自不同生境白簕种子的形态品质特征和萌发特性的差异。方法:采集西山不同生境的种子,观察外观形态和内部构造,检测千粒重、含水量和生活力。于人工气候箱考察不同温度和光照条件对种子萌发率的影响,于试验地对影响出苗率的播种时间(A)、覆土深度(B)和基质种类(C)运用正交试验进行筛选。结果:不同生境种子外观形态和品质特征指标存在差异。种子在光、暗条件下都能萌发,生境Ⅱ(38%水平的中度光强)种子在20℃条件下萌发率高达70.5%。正交试验筛选出最佳组合为A1B1C1,即秋季播种于配土覆土深度为2cm出苗率最高,出苗早且整齐。结论:不同生境种子形态和品质特征和萌发率存在很大差异,宜选择生境Ⅱ种子育苗,不同温度对萌发率影响不同,室温干藏种子当年秋季播种比次年春季播种好。Objective：To preliminary explore the difference of the morphological, quality and germinal characteristics of Acantho- panax trifoliatus seeds under different habitats. Methods：Collect the wild seeds from different habitats in West Mountain, and then ob- serve their external appearances and internal structure, and test the thousand seeds weight ,water content and seed vigor. What＇s more, the influence to germination rates of the seeds from different temperatures and light intensities in artificial bioclimatic chamber was stud- ied. Orthogonal test in experimental plots was carried out to screen the different sowing dates, matrix types and soil depths which may in- fluence germination rate. Results：The external appearances and quality characteristics of wild seeds from three habitats were differ- ent. Seeds could germinate in the both light and dark,the germination rate of the habitat Ⅱ was as high as 70. 5% at the optimum tem- perature 20 ℃ in artificial bioclimatic chamber. The optimal combination A1B1C1 was screened out through orthogonal test, namely ,the germination rate would be the highest when the seeds sowed in autumn covering with 2 cm depth of matrix type which component of the ratio of soil,sand and organic fertilizer was 6： 3： 1. There was significant difference in the morphology and germination rate of the three habitats seeds. Conclusion：The habitat Ⅱ seeds were the optimal choice when culture seedling. The influences of different temperatures on germination rate were different, and the dried seeds should sow in current autumn, better than the next spring.

关 键 词：白簕种子 电子显微镜扫描 形态和品质 萌发特性 正交实验 

分 类 号：R282.2[医药卫生—中药学]