某内陆救援集体紧急入藏后4周内疾病发病情况分析  

Analysis of the Incidence of Diseases Occurring in an Inland Relief Group during the First Four Weeks after Entering Tibet

作　　者：魏国兴[1] 王同聚[2] 吕宏迪[3] 王锦波[4] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第371中心医院骨科,新乡453000 [2]解放军第371中心医院神经内科,新乡453000 [3]解放军第371中心医院医务处,新乡453000 [4]解放军第371中心医院普外科,新乡453000

出　　处：《中华灾害救援医学》2014年第5期269-271,共3页Chinese Journal of Disaster Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析内陆救援集体紧急赴藏后4周内疾病发病情况。方法由1769名人员组成的某内陆救援集体,于赴藏前3个月开始进行针对性的耐缺氧适应性训练。进入海拔4400 m的某模拟灾区后,收集赴藏后4周内发病人员的姓名、年龄、诊断情况等信息,对其进行分析、对比。结果五官类、呼吸系统、消化系统类疾病发病率较高,分别为15.55%、12.49%、11.02%,疾病构成比分别为29.38%、23.61%、20.83%;急性高原病发病率为4.92%,疾病构成比为9.29%,其中包含6例高原脑水肿患者;进入高原前2周内,发病人数较高,2周后发病人数逐步减少。结论进入高原前针对性的耐缺氧适应性训练能够显著降低急性高原病发病率;进入高原后前2周内是疾病的高发期,也是急性高原病的高发期。Objective To analyze the incidences of diseases occurring in an inland relief group during the first four weeks after entering Tibet. Methods The inland rescue group consists of 1769 members,and the hypoxia adaptation training was applied to all members for three months before travelling to Tibet. After entering simulated disaster zone with an elevation of 4000 meters,and collected the patients＇ name,age,diagnosis and other information within 4 weeks,then compared and analyzed. Results The leading three diseases were otorhinolaryngologic diseases,digestive diseases and respiratory diseases,and the corresponding percentage was15. 55%,12. 49% and 11. 02%,and constituent ratios of these three kinds of diseases were 29. 38%,23. 61% and 20. 83%. The incidence of acute high altitude diseases was 4. 92%,and the corresponding constituent ratio was 9. 29%,which included six cases of acute high altitude cerebral edema; the incidence rate of overall diseases in the first two weeks was high,and after that the incidence rate decreased gradually. Conclusions Hypoxia adaptation training under hypoxia was necessary for decreasing the incidence rate of acute high altitude diseases in rescuers; the first two weeks was the high incidence period of overall diseases and also for acute high altitude diseases.

关 键 词：高原病 救援 耐缺氧适应性训练 

分 类 号：R129[医药卫生—环境卫生学] S717.195[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]