933例涉锰企业职工体检结果分析  

Physical examination data of 933 workers occupationally exposed to manganese

作　　者：江蓓[1] 梁启荣[2] 黄洪波[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区百色市疾病预防控制中心,广西百色533099 [2]广西壮族自治区职业病防治研究院,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2014年第3期141-143,共3页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

摘　　要：目的探讨锰暴露对人体血液及造血系统、心血管系统及神经系统的损害并分析尿锰作为机体损害效应标志物的意义。方法对广西靖西县12家涉锰企业职工体检结果进行分析,比较不同性别、接害工龄组神经系统、心血管系统、血液系统相关指标的差异,分析尿锰与各系统损害效应指标的相关性。结果本次调查共包含933例涉锰作业工人。男性收缩压、舒张压的异常检出率高于女性(χ2=15.26、8.63,P<0.01);女性血红蛋白含量、血小板计数及尿锰含量异常率高于男性(χ2=7.58、5.49、22.79,P<0.05或0.01);女性神经症状检出率是男性的12倍(χ2=27.15,P<0.01)。男性血小板含量异常检出率随接害工龄增加而增加(r=0.32,P<0.05);男女两性尿锰异常检出率与接害工龄均不相关(男:r=-0.24,P=0.60;女:r=0.20,P=0.80)。尿锰含量与收缩压、舒张压、白细胞计数、血红蛋白、红细胞计数、血小板均无统计学关联,不同尿锰组间神经症状检出率亦无统计学意义。结论提示锰暴露后对神经系统损害及铁代谢的影响在男女两性间可能存在差异,长期锰暴露对男性血小板计数产生影响,尿锰并不能反映体内锰的蓄积,且不能作为机体损害的效应标志物。Objective To observe the adverse effect of manganese on exposed workers＆#39; health condition and the relationship between change of health condition and the urinary manganese level. Methods The physical examination data of 933 workers occupationally exposed to manganese from 12 plants in Jingxi County were analyzed. Results The data showed that female workers had higher urinary manganese level than the male workers. The female workers had higher abnormal rate of HGB and PLT （χ2 = 7.58、5.49,P 〈 0.05）,and higher prevalence of neurological symptoms （12 times than that in men, χ2 = 27.15,P 〈0.01）,while the male workers had higher abnormal rate of SBP（χ2=15.26,P〈0.01） and DBP（χ2 =8.63,P〈0.01）. There was a positive association between the abnormality of PLT in male workers and exposure time（r=0.32,P〈 0.05）. However,the data showed that the urinary manganese level was not related to the exposure time and that the systolic pressure,diastolic pressure, white blood cell count,red blood cell count,hemoglobin,platelet count and neurological symptoms of these workers were not related to the urinary manganese level. Conclusion The neurological system might be the sensitive target among occupationally exposed workers and the female workers were more sensitive than male workers. Exposure to manganese for a long time may affect platelet count in male workers.

关 键 词：锰暴露 尿锰 血液损害 神经系统 血小板计数 生物标志物 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]