血液透析患者低血压发生的危险因素及护理对策  

Risk factors and nursing strategy for hypotension patients with hemodialysis

作　　者：刘海霞 康淑娟 高善斌 李冬凤 闫萍丽 

机构地区：[1]陕西电子409医院血透室,陕西宝鸡721006 [2]陕西电子409医院急诊科,陕西宝鸡721006 [3]陕西电子409医院外二科,陕西宝鸡721006

出　　处：《海南医学院学报》2014年第8期1157-1160,共4页Journal of Hainan Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30170961)~~

摘　　要：目的:分析血液透析患者低血压发生的危险因素,提出相应的护理对策。方法:将104例血液透析者根据是否发生低血压分为低血压组(40例)、非低血压组(64例),对发生低血压的危险因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果:两组年龄、透析龄、左室肥厚、超滤量、超滤率、甲状旁腺素(PTH)、血红蛋白、血糖、营养不良比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic分析显示左室肥厚(OR=2.82)、高血糖(OR=2.13)、高PTH(OR=2.06)、超滤率高(OR=3.13)、营养不良(OR=2.89)是发生低血压的独立危险因素。结论:血液透析过程中低血压发生的因素复杂,血液透析前应对患者进行合理评估,制定个性化透析方案,及时调整透析参数,积极预防低血压。Objective： To analyze risk factors and nursing for hypotension patients with hemodialysis. Methods： A total of 104 cases of hemodialysis were divided into hypotension group （40 cases）, non-hypotension group （64 cases） according to occurrence of hypotension. Risk factors of hypotension were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results： There were significant differences in age, duration of dialysis, left ventricular hypertrophy, ultrafiltration, ultrafiltration rate, parathyroid hormone （PTH）, hemoglobin, blood sugar and malnutrition between two groups （P〈0.05）; Logistic analysis showed that left ventricular hypertrophy （OR=2.82）, high blood sugar （OR=2.13）, high PTH （OR=2.06）, ultrafiltration rate （OR= 3.13）, malnutrition （OR=2.89） were independent risk factors for hypotension. Conclusion： Factors of hypotension during hemodialysis are complicated. Reasonable assessment is necessary for hemodialysis patients. Individualized dialysis arrangement, timely adjustment of dialysis parameters, and actively prevent hypotension are all important.

关 键 词：血液透析 低血压 危险因素 护理 

分 类 号：R459.5[医药卫生—治疗学]