健康信念模式教育结合PDCA循环在预防骨科患者下肢深静脉血栓中应用的效果评价  

Application of the health belief model combined with PDCA circulation in preventing DVT of orthopaedic patients

作　　者：李春会[1] 李惠玲[2] 邹叶芳[2] 陈利勤[2] 周华[2] 刘璐[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学护理学院,215006 [2]苏州大学附属第一医院

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2014年第20期30-34,共5页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：基金项目：苏州市科技计划项目（SYS201313）

摘　　要：目的探讨以健康信念模式为指导的健康教育结合PDCA循环对预防髋、膝关节置换术后患者下肢深静脉血栓（deep venous thrombosis，DVT）健康信念、行为水平及发生率的影响。方法将90例骨科患者随机分为对照组和干预组各45例。对照组按护理常规进行健康教育，干预组在常规健康教育基础上实施以健康信念模式为指导的健康教育并进行PDCA循环管理。比较2组的干预效果。结果术后1周，干预组DVT疾病相关知识、健康信念水平及预防措施执行情况的评分均优于对照组，差异有统计学意义；健康信念得分中，感知到疾病的易感性、严重性、益处、自我效能比较干预组均优于对照组，差异有统计学意义；感知到健康行为的障碍、健康动力方面2组比较差异无统计学意义。干预组出现1例血流淤滞，对照组出现2例DVT及6例血流淤滞，干预组效果优于对照组，差异有统计学意义。结论以健康信念模式为指导的健康教育结合PDCA循环能有效提高DVT疾病相关知识、健康信念水平及预防措施执行情况，进而降低DVT的发生率，提高患者的生活质量。Objective To evaluate the effect of health belief model combined with PDCA circulation in preventing DVT of patients undergoing total hip replacement and total knee replacement. Methods Patients who met our inclusion criteria were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group with 45 cases in each group. The patients in the control group received routine health education. In addition,the intervention group received health education based on health belief model combined with PDCA circulation besides the routine. The intervention results were compared between the two groups. Results The patients mastery of DVT disease related knowledge, health belief and the implementation of preventive measures in the intervention group were significantly better than those of the control group one week after surgery. The score of the health belief, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits of action and self-efficacy in the intervention group were significantly superior to those of the control group. 1 patient appeared blood stasis in the intervention group. However, in the control group, there were 2 patients with DVT and 6 patients with blood stasis. The effect of preventive measures in the intervention group was better than the control group. Conclusions Health education based on health belief model combined with PDCA circulation could effectively enhanced the patients＇ DVT disease related knowledge, health belief and the implementation of preventive measures, thereby reduce the risk of DVT and improve the patients＇ quality of life.

关 键 词：健康信念模式 下肢深静脉血栓 预防 PDCA循环 骨科 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]