基于热特性的大型数控龙门铣床的滑枕结构改进设计  

The Structure Improvement Design of the Ram for Large-Scale Milling Planer Based on the Thermal Characteristics

作　　者：胡汝凯 黄美发[1] 张奎奎[1] 杨武军 

机构地区：[1]桂林电子科技大学机电工程学院,广西桂林541004 [2]桂林机床股份有限公司,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2014年第7期120-123,128,共5页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：2011广西制造系统与先进制造技术重点实验室主任课题:动梁动柱八轴五联动龙门铣床研发关键技术研究(桂科能11-031-12-002);铣车复合中心(桂科攻1107002-27)

摘　　要：滑枕是数控龙门铣床的关键功能零部件,现有滑枕部件主要存在以下缺陷:结构上都是方滑枕,这种结构从热变形的角度上讲不是热对称结构;由于滑枕外部装有电机和减速箱,这使得滑枕部件的重心偏离了滑枕的几何中心。这些缺陷都会增大滑枕的热力耦合变形,进而影响了机床的加工精度。采用热弹性力学理论和有限元方法,建立滑枕部件的热力耦合变形的有限元方程。利用ANSYSworkbench软件对现有的滑枕部件进行热特性分析,根据分析的结果,提出了两种结构改进设计方案。对改进设计后的模型再进行分析,结果表明改进设计后的滑枕热力偶合变形明显减小,为数控龙门铣床的滑枕改进设计提供依据。Ram is of great importance to a CNC planer type milling machine.There are two weakpoints to the existing ram.For one thing,all of the ram is squre ram,and it is not a heat symmertrical structure.For another thing,it is equipped with motor and reducer,which makes the center of gravity of the ram parts deviation from the geometric center of the ram.All of these weakpoints will increase the thermal-mechanical coupled deformation of the ram.Then reduce the working accuracy of the machine directly.Establish the finite element equation of deformation caused by thermal-mechanical coupled.Apply theory of thermo elasticity and finite element method to complete the thermal characteristics analysis of the ram.According to the analysis result,put forward two improvement design methods.Analyze the thermal characteristics of the redesigned model.The result shows the thermal-mechanical coupled deformation decrease obviously.Provide theoretical support for the company during the designing of the ram.

关 键 词：大型数控龙门铣床 滑枕 温度场 热力耦合 热变形 

分 类 号：TH132[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG502.3[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]