扶桑绵粉蚧对华南地区不同生境园林植物的危害调查及分析  

A survey and analysis of an invasive Mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley occurring on ornamental plants of different habitats in South China

作　　者：吴福中[1,2] 刘志红 沈鸿[1] 于飞[1] 陈爽爽[1] 王徐玫[1] 伍和平[1] 白学慧[4] 胡永亮[4] 曾玲[2] 

机构地区：[1]惠州出入境检验检疫局,广东惠州516006 [2]华南农业大学资源与环境学院 [3]惠州市惠城区农业技术推广中心 [4]云南省德宏热带农业科学研究所

出　　处：《植物检疫》2014年第4期64-69,共6页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：惠州市科技项目(2013BO40009004)

摘　　要：扶桑绵粉蚧是近年来入侵我国的外来有害生物,本文通过系统调查华南地区城市市区公园、森林公园、植物园、高校校园、园林花卉市场、种植基地、市政、国道、高速公路绿化带以及郊区果园种植基地等生境。结果表明,扶桑绵粉蚧的寄主植物有扶桑、驳骨丹、蟛蜞菊和三裂叶蟛蜞菊,而蟛蜞菊和三裂叶蟛蜞菊在华南地区首次发现是扶桑绵粉蚧的寄主;同时在三裂叶蟛蜞菊上首次发现石蒜绵粉蚧;扶桑绵粉蚧寄生性天敌主要有卡玛长索跳小蜂(Anagyrus kamali Moursi)和Aenasius spPak。并分析了扶桑绵粉蚧危害不同生境园林植物的特点、危害程度,传播扩散的可能成因以及与近缘种的区分。A exotic mealybug pest, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley has been invaded in China in recent years, we surveyed of urban parks, forest parks, botanical gardens, university campuses, garden flower markets, cultivate bases, green belts of municipal road, national road and high-speed road, and suburban orchard planting bases and other places in south China. The results showed that the mainly host plants of P. solenopsis had included Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Grendarussa valgaris, Wedelia chinensis and Wedelia trilobata. Wedelia chinensis and Wedelia trilobata have been found firstly parasitic by P. solenopsis, and Phenacoccus solani Ferris has been also firstly found on Wedelia trilobata. The main parasitic natural enemies ofP. solenopsis were Anagyrus kamali Moursi and Aenasius sp.Pak. We analysed distribution area characteristic of different habitats, damage degree, the reason of spreading and diffusion, and distinguishing relative species of P solenopsis.

关 键 词：扶桑绵粉蚧 园林植物 生境 调查 近缘种 天敌 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]