松花江流域典型鱼类的游泳能力比较实验研究  

Comparative Study of Swimming Capability of Typical Fish from Songhua River Basin

作　　者：熊锋[1] 王从锋 刘德富[3] 寇方露[1] 莫伟均 刘伟[1] 石小涛[4] 

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]三峡地区地质灾害与生态环境湖北省协同创新中心,湖北宜昌443002 [3]湖北工业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430068 [4]三峡大学化学与生命科学学院,湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《三峡大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第4期14-18,共5页Journal of China Three Gorges University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201201030)

摘　　要：利用自制的鱼类游泳实验装置,采用递增流速法,研究了松花江流域的长春鳊(Parabramis pekinensis)、怀头鲇(Silurus soldatovi)、翘嘴鲌(Erythroculter ilishaeformis)3种鱼类的游泳能力.结果表明:3种鱼类的临界游速和突进游速大小排序均为翘嘴鲌>长春鳊>怀头鲇,3种鱼类的临界游速随体长的增大而增加,而相对临界游速随体长的增大而减小;3种鱼类的突进游速随体长的增加而呈近似线性递增趋势,而相对突进游速随体长的增大而减小.研究成果为鱼类游泳能力的研究提供了基础资料,同时为过鱼设施的设计提供参考,对鱼类的保护具有指导意义.By using self-made experiment apparatus and the method of increasing velocity,step-by-step,this paper studies the swimming capability of Basilewsky （Parabramis pekinensis ）,Northem sheatfish （Silurus soldatovi）and Topmouth culter（Erythroculterilishaeformis）from Songhua River.The results show as fol-lows.The critical swimming speed and the burst swimming speed of the three kinds of fish are in the follow-ing order：Topmouth culter〉Basilewsky〉Northem sheatfish.The absolute critical swimming speed increases with the increase of body length;while the relative critical swimming speed declines with the increase of body length.Burst swimming speed increases with the increase of body length;and the relation is approximately linear;but the relative burst swimming speed declines with the increase of body length.The study results provide better information for effective fishway design and the study of fish swimming capability.

关 键 词：游泳能力 临界游速 突进游速 鱼道 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]