西安城郊土壤中正构烷烃的分布、来源及其影响因素  

Distribution,Sources and Affecting Factors of Normal Alkanes in Soils of Xi'an Outskirts

作　　者：王文岩[1,2] 张娟[2] 王林权[1] 侯红[2] 李发生[2] 李雪芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2014年第4期695-701,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41271388;151233);国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项(2011YQ14014908)

摘　　要：为了加强西安石油污染防控,并为石油污染物在土壤中的行为研究提供基础数据,利用气相色谱-质谱法对西安市城郊典型蔬菜基地37个表层土壤和37个地下水样品中的正构烷烃进行测定,并对其分布特征、来源及影响因素进行了研究。结果表明:西安城郊土壤中正构烷烃含量在1.06～4.01μg·g-1之间,以高碳奇数烷烃为主,不同地理区域之间在统计学上无显著差异,地下水中正构烷烃含量在9.2～99.35μg·L-1之间,与国内外其他地区相比,土壤和地下水存在一定的污染;基于正构烷烃的分子指标的诊断表明,土壤中正构烷烃为混合来源,具有较强的高等植物输入优势,显示出草本植物特征和一定程度的石油污染特征;土壤理化性质与正构烷烃含量的相关性分析表明,土壤中正构烷烃含量与有机质、含水量、碳氮比(C/N)和碳磷比(C/P)呈显著正相关,多元回归分析表明有机质和含水量是主要的影响因子。Normal（n）-alkanes in the environment may come from uses of petroleum and natural gas.In this study,contents of n-ankanes in thirty-seven topsoil and thirty-seven groundwater samples,collected from typical vegetable fields in the outskirts of Xi′an city,were analyzed using gas chromatograph with mass selective detection（GC/MS）.Total n-alkane concentrations in the soils varied from 1.06 to 4.01μg·g-1.N-alkanes with odd C number were predominant in most soil samples.No significant differences were found between different areas.Total n-alkane concentrations in the groundwater samples ranged from 9.2 to 99.35 μg·L^-1.Compared to other regions,n-alkane concentrations in soil and groundwater were higher in the outskirts of Xi′an city.Sources of n-alkanes in soils of this region were mainly terrestrial higher plants,especially herbaceous plants.There was positive correlation between the concentrations of n-alkanes and soil properties such as organic matter,moisture content,C/N and C/P.Organic matter and moisture content determined the distribution of n-alkanes in soil.

关 键 词：表层土壤 地下水 正构烷烃 土壤理化性质 来源 

分 类 号：X74[环境科学与工程—环境工程]