金荞麦变异株系叶片显微结构特征与抗逆性的初步评价  

Preliminary Evaluation on Stress Resistance and Leaf Microstructure Characteristics of Fagopyrum dibotrys(D.Don) Hara Mutant Strains

作　　者：赵锋[1] 李艾莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第19期151-156,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：贵州省中药现代化科技产业研究开发专项项目"荞麦系列产品开发及产业化"(黔科合中药字[2011]5078号)

摘　　要：旨在了解60Co-γ射线对金荞麦变异株系叶片结构产生的辐射效应,并对不同株系的抗逆能力进行评价。通过光学显微和电镜扫描对照和变异株系叶片的形态结构,利用主成分分析和隶属函数法对叶片指标进行抗逆性的初步评价。结果表明,红茎株系叶片结构与绿茎对照相比有显著差异,红茎株系叶片厚度减小18.63%,上表皮厚度增大18.94%,栅栏组织和海绵组织分别减小26.96%、13.74%,气孔平均长度显著增大,气孔密度显著减小。红叶株系与绿茎对照叶片结构没有明显差异,但气孔平均长度显著增大,气孔密度显著减小。通过主成分分析筛选出栅栏组织厚度、下表皮气孔密度、上表皮厚度、海绵组织厚度、叶片结构紧密度5项指标作为金荞麦的抗逆性评价指标,应用隶属函数法评价抗逆性顺序为:绿茎>红叶>红茎。60Co-γ射线辐照对金荞麦叶片结构具有显著的辐射效应,不同变异株系的抗逆能力有差异,研究结果为金荞麦下一步选育工作提供理论依据。The aims were to investigate radiation effects of60Co-γ ray on the leaf morphogenesis of mutantstrains in Fagopyrum dibotrys, and evaluate the stress-resistance of the different strains. The author observedleaf structures of control and mutants under the optical microscope and the scanning electrical microscope, andpreliminarily evaluated the stress-resistance by the principal component analysis and subordinate function.The red stem strains were significant different from the green ones in leaf structures. Compared with the greenstem strains, the leaf thickness of red stem strains decreased by 18.63%, and the thickness of the upperepidermis tissue increased by 18.94%; the thickness of palisade tissue and sponge tissue decreased by 26.96%and 13.74%, respectively; the average length of stomata increased, and the density decreased. There were nosignificant differences in anatomical structures between the red-leaf and green-stem strains. Only the averagelength of stomata increased, and the density decreased. Five parameters including the sponge tissue thickness,the stomata density of the lower epidermis, the upper epidermis thickness, the sponge texture thickness and thetightness of leaf tissue structure were screened out by the principal component analysis to assess the stressresistance. A subordinate function was used to rank their stress resistance, and the order was： green stem〉 red leaf 〉red stem.60Co-γ had an apparent radiation effect on leaf structure of Fagopyrum dibotrys, and thedifferent mutant strains varied in stress resistance.This study provided the theoretical basis forplant breeding.

关 键 词：金荞麦 叶片显微结构 60Co-γ 抗逆性 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]