土壤机械压实与甜菜生长研究进展  

Research Evolvement on Mechanized Soil Compaction and Sugar Beet Growth

作　　者：卢秉福[1] 周艳丽[2] 耿贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学农作物研究院,哈尔滨150080 [2]黑龙江大学农业资源与环境学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第21期35-39,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目"基于农机与农艺结合的机械-土壤-甜菜系统相互作用机理研究"(C201239)

摘　　要：土壤机械压实是由于机械化作业引起的土壤结构破坏,导致土壤质量下降,已经成为制约农业可持续发展障碍因子之一。笔者阐述了国内外有关土壤机械压实对土壤容重、坚实度、孔隙度、地表水分渗透、土壤含水率等特性的影响,分析了土壤压实后引起的农业机械机组作业阻力增加、油耗上升,以及对甜菜生长的不利影响,造成甜菜产质量下降。提出了在大力发展甜菜生产机械化发展的同时,应切实考虑其负面影响,采取固定到作业、联合作业等技术措施,改善土壤压实情况,确保甜菜可持续生产。Soil compaction was due to soil structure damage resulting in soil degradation caused by mechanized operation, which has become one of the obstacles restricting factors for agricultural sustainable development. The paper expounded that soil compaction influenced on soil bulk density, hardness, porosity, surface water infiltration, soil moisture content and other characteristics in internal and external nation, and it also analyzed that soil compaction caused resistance and fuel consumption increase by agricultural mechanization operation, as well as adverse effects on sugar beet growth to reduce its yield and sugar content. In promoting the development of mechanization for sugar beet production, the negative effects of soil compaction should be seriously considered, and effective measures such as controlled traffic and joint operations etc. should be taken to improve the situation of soil compaction in order to ensure sustainable production of sugar beet.

关 键 词：农业机械化 土壤压实 甜菜 

分 类 号：S233.1[农业科学—农业机械化工程]