收入机会不均、收入差距与居民消费  

Inequality of Income Opportunity,Income Disparity and Residents′Consumption

作　　者：李广泳[1] 高淑娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学社会科学学院,北京100084

出　　处：《技术经济》2014年第7期112-119,共8页Journal of Technology Economics

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上项目"中国居民消费的制约因素分析:从要素市场扭曲的角度"(2014M550685);国家社会科学基金一般项目"节能环保产业自主创新技术R&D投资问题研究"(11BJY025);青海省社会科学规划项目"青海省民生支出绩效评价研究"(13013)

摘　　要：选取1995年、2002年和2010年中国31个省(自治区、直辖市)的平均工资数据和细分行业的平均工资数据,利用有序响应模型,实证研究了国有单位和非国有单位的在岗职工在获得不同水平收入(高、中、低)的概率上存在的差异,据此确定了"收入机会"不均等的存在,然后估计了"收入机会"不均等造成的收入差距对居民消费的影响。研究结果显示:国有单位的在岗职工获得高收入的概率明显高于非国有单位的在岗职工,而前者获得低收入的概率明显低于后者,且这种趋势呈加剧状态;居民收入差距的扩大明显抑制了整体消费需求。Using two kinds of data, namely provincial and industrial average wages in 1995,2002 and 2010, this paper studies the differences in the probability that the staff in state-owned and non-state-owned units achieve high, middle and low incomes empirically by using the ordered response model, and determines the existence of ＂inequality of income opportunity＂. Then it estimates the impact of income disparity caused by this inequality on resident＇s consumption. The result shows as follows：the probability that the staff in state-owned units achieve high income is significantly higher than that of non-state-owned units,but the situation about the probability achieving low income is opposite,and this trend is expanding;the widening income gap significantly inhibit overall consumer demand.

关 键 词：收入机会 收入差距 居民消费 

分 类 号：F126.1[经济管理—世界经济] F124.7