高龄老年人的人生意义和死亡态度与主观幸福感的相关性  

Relationship between Subjective Well - being and Meaning of Life as well as Attitude towards Death in Elderly People

作　　者：葛亮[1] 王桦[1] 周晗[1] 马春薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中南医院老年病科, 湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《医学新知》2014年第3期168-171,共4页New Medicine

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金（No.2010CDB06002）

摘　　要：目的：探讨住院高龄老年人的人生意义和死亡态度与主观幸福感之间的关系，分析其影响因素并提出相应的调节策略，以提高高龄老年人的主观幸福感。方法采用纽芬兰纪念大学主观幸福度量表（MUNSH）、中文人生意义问卷（C - MLQ）、死亡态度描绘量表（DAP - R）（修订版）及自行设计的高龄老人一般资料调查问卷，对在我院老年病科住院的年龄≥80岁的高龄老年人120例进行调查。结果高龄老年人的人生意义水平越高，主观幸福感得分越高（P ＝0.021）。死亡恐惧与焦虑、逃离导向的死亡接受、趋近导向的死亡接受及死亡逃避得分与主观幸福感总分均呈负相关，自然接受得分与主观幸福感总分呈正相关（ P ﹤0.05）。结论住院高龄老年人的人生意义和死亡态度与主观幸福感有关，应开展科学的生命意义教育和死亡教育，采取相应的措施提高其主观幸福感，提高高龄老年人的生存质量。Objective To explore the relationship between subjective well - being and meaning of life as well as attitude towards death in elderly people,analyze influence factors and propose corresponding regulation strategies to improve subjective well - being. Methods A total of 120 elderly patients who were over 80 years old were surveyed by MUNSH,C - MLQ,DAP - R and general information questionnaire. Results The higher level of the meaning of life,the higher subjective well - being score（P = 0. 021）. There was a negative correlation between scores of thanato-phobia and anxiety,escape from oriented death acceptance,approaching oriented death acceptance,death avoidance and total score of subjective well - being. There was a positive correlation between natural acceptance score and total score of subjective well - being（P ﹤ 0. 05）. Conclusion There was a relationship between subjective well - being and meaning of life as well as attitude towards death in elderly people. Education of meaning of life and death should be carried out in order to adopt corresponding measures to improve subjective well - being and the quality of life.

关 键 词：高龄老年人 人生意义 死亡态度 主观幸福感 

分 类 号：R48[医药卫生—临床医学]