桉树皮木质素降解复合功能菌的构建及效果研究  

Construction of a Microbial Consortium for Lignin Degradation and Its Effect on Composting of Eucalyptusbark

作　　者：何慧中[1] 孙映波[2] 刘可星[1] 郭小雪[1] 黄丽丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院环境科学及工程系,广州510642 [2]广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所,广州510640

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2014年第3期484-489,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2011A030600002;2011B030500005);广东省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(粤财教[2009]356)

摘　　要：开发复合功能菌剂,在自然堆沤环境下对桉树皮的木质素等发挥降解作用,是达到桉树皮快速腐熟,实现桉树皮资源化利用的关键技术。通过降解培养试验,筛选出对桉树皮具有降解木质素的功能菌;通过拮抗试验,筛选出与降解菌系无明显拮抗作用并与之协同生长的微生物作为营养菌系,用于构建复合菌剂;开展桉树皮堆肥试验,研究复合菌剂对桉树皮木质素的降解效果。结果表明:绿色木霉菌、黄孢原毛平革菌、平菇菌3种微生物对桉树皮木质素具有降解作用;构建了由3种降解功能菌和7种营养菌组成的复合菌剂;在桉树皮堆肥中,添加复合菌剂对桉树皮的纤维素、木质素降解效果明显,与对照相比,纤维素含量下降了77.67%,木质素含量下降了78.78%。Eucalyptus is one of the world＇s three fast-growing tree species, producing a great deal of bark waste after timber is used. There- fore, developing a microbial consortium degrading lignin in eucalyptus-bark under natural environmental conditions is a key to the utiliza- tion of eucalyptus-bark. In this study, microorganisms capable of degrading lignin were selected by plate culture experiments. Antagonistic experiments were employed to select nutritional strains that had little antagonistic effects on the lignin-degrading microorganisms. A micro- bial consortium containing three species（ Trichoderma viride, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, and Pleurotus ostreatus ） able to degrade euca- lyptus-bark lignin and seven nutritional strains was thus constructed. During composting of eucalyptus-bark, the microbial consortium sig- nificantly decreased cellulose content by 77.67% and lignin by 78.78% as compared to the control. This result would shed light on applica- tion of eucalyptus bark in agricultural and forestry cultivation.

关 键 词：桉树皮 复合菌剂 木质素 降解 

分 类 号：X72[环境科学与工程—环境工程]