基于知识活动元素的设计型知识工作认知过程探析  

Investigation on the Cognitive Process of Design-type Knowledge Work Based on Knowledge Activity Elements

作　　者：廖益[1,2] 易树平[1] 李发权[3] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学机械工程学院,重庆400030 [2]重庆第二师范学院经济与工商管理系,重庆400060 [3]河南理工大学能源科学与工程学院,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《科技进步与对策》2014年第15期133-138,共6页Science & Technology Progress and Policy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(70871127)

摘　　要：借鉴SRK认知模型,将知识活动元素划分为基于技能、基于规则和基于知识3类活动元素,建立了设计类知识工作个体认知模型。采用原案分析法,从观察实验中获取反映产品设计认知过程的量化数据,进而对设计型知识工作认知过程进行分析,发现基于知识的活动是该类知识工作过程中的主体活动,基于规则的活动是控制该类产品设计质量或效率的关键因素,而基于技能的活动对基于知识的活动有重要驱动作用。研究表明,知识活动元素能够解析相对复杂的设计型认知工作过程,有利于进一步提高设计型知识工作效率。Knowledge activity elements were classified into three groups, namely skill-based, rule-based and knowledge-based activities according to SRK cognitive model and then, a cognitive model for design-type work was built. Further, thecognitive process in a given product design task was analyzed based on quantitative data which were experimentally ob-tained through protocol analysis. It is suggested that knowledge-based activities are the main activity components in theproduct design task; rule-based activities are critical to the quality or efficiency of the design task skill-based activitieshave beneficial effects on knowledge-based activities. Thus, it is demonstrated that knowledge activity elements can be em-ployed to analyze relatively complicated cognitive processes and therefore, is beneficial to the study of design-type work ef-ficiency.

关 键 词：知识工作 知识活动元素 认知系统 

分 类 号：F406.3[经济管理—产业经济]