古代大型公共水利工程日常维修制度形成中的环境与政治——以清代两浙海塘岁修、抢修制度为中心  

Environmental and Political Features in the Formation Process of the Usual Repair System of Giant Hydraulic Engineering during the Ancient China——The Case of Zhejiang Seawall in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：王大学[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史地理研究中心

出　　处：《社会科学》2014年第8期160-166,共7页Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"明清两浙海塘的建设过程与环境响应"(项目编号:41001085);国家社会科学基金重大项目"宋代以来长江三角洲环境变迁史研究"(项目编号:09&ZD068)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：两浙海塘岁修和抢修制度成立过程中,浙江政治环境的变化以及雍正统治两浙的策略和手段所起的作用,比海塘工程的客观需要更重要。岁修制度的建立,与当时查嗣庭案的影响以及此前成立的浙江观风整俗使密切相关。受岁修固定日期限制的影响,李卫题请建立抢修制度,但过程曲折异常。该制度最终确立,与曾静、吕留良案后雍正认为吏治与海塘是浙江第一要务关系密切。在理解古代大型公共水利工程各种制度时,要注意制度建立过程中中央政府面对复杂政治局势和变化所做的全面考虑,自然环境变化与政治统治综合考察,方能对该类问题了解地更深入、全面。During the forming process of annual repair system and urgent repair system, the effect ofthe environmental and political change in Zhejiang Province on the change of govern strategies andmeasures change of emperor was more important than the objective need of seawall engineering. Theestablishment of the annual repair system was closely related to the impact of Zha Siting＇s case and theSurveille customer and Supervisory Commissioner set up before. The Zhefiang governor-general Liweipleasd to establish the urgent repair system of Zhejiang Seawall because there was restriction of the fixeddate of annual repair. But the establishment of this new institute experienced twists and turns. Theemperor finally agreed to establish this system, because he considered that the official government andseawall projects were first and foremost to control Zhejiang Province when he dealt with the case ofZengjittg. To know well the various institutions of giant hydraulic projects in the Ancient China, oneshould pay more attention that the central government thought through complexity of political situation andits change during the establishing of the system. Environmental changes and political ruling must be takenan overall consideration before such issue could be comprehended thoroughly.

关 键 词：制度 环境 政治 两浙海塘 清代 

分 类 号：K928[历史地理—人文地理学]