框架效应的神经机制  

The Neural Mechanism of Framing Effect

作　　者：罗寒冰[1] 徐富明[1] 李彬[1] 张慧[1] 郑秋强[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学心理学院暨湖北省人的发展与心理健康重点实验室,青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《心理科学》2014年第4期867-874,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：框架效应指人们对一个客观上相同问题的不同描述有不同反应的现象。近年来的认知神经研究发现框架效应的产生,可能源自以杏仁核为代表的情绪过程,而以前扣带回与前额叶皮层为代表的认知过程对此可能起到抑制与监控的作用。单侧化研究揭示了大脑两半球所擅长的不同思维方式也可能对框架效应产生影响。未来的研究应整合框架效应的神经机制与理论解释、探索框架效应的领域特异性并探究框架效应的产生根源。A central tenet of rational decision - making is logical consistency across decisions, regardless of the manner in which avail-able choices are presented. This assumption, known as invariance, which is a fundamental axiom of the normal decision - making theo-ry, is challenged by a wealth of empirical data. Kahneman and Tversky originally described this deviation from rational decision - mak-ing, which they termed as the framing effect. The framing effect refers to the phenomenon that people respond differently to the sameproblem with different but objectively equivalent descriptions, which is a hot area of research for behavioral decision - making. Re-searchers put forward a series of terms to distinguish different kinds of valence framing effects, such as the risky choice framing effect,the attribute framing effect and the goal framing effect. At present, advanced noninvasive neuroimaging techniques, like fMRI, allow re-searchers to directly observe brain activities while subjects are finishing the framing tasks, which contributed greatly to our understand-ing of brain mechanisms of the framing effect. Results from neuroimaging indicate that the framing effect may be a joint result of emo-tional processing and cognitive processing. Furthermore, emotional processing is controlled by amygdala, while anterior cingulate cortex（ACC） and prefrontal cortex （PFC） play dominant roles in cognitive processing. The PFC may incorporate inputs from the amygdala,which represents the motivational value of choices. This allows the PFC to integrate and evaluate the incentive value of predicted out-comes in order to guide future behaviors. Findings from various studies support a model in which the OMPFC evaluates and integrates e-motional and cognitive information, thus underpinning more rational （ i. e. , description - invariant） behaviors. Although neuroimagingdata show an association between amygdala and the framing effect, this correlation does not imply causation. A lesion study found thatthe framing effect persis

关 键 词：框架效应 情绪 认知 单侧化 

分 类 号：B845[哲学宗教—心理学]