日光温室生产环境状况与从业人员健康的关系  

Relationship between production environment and health status of workers in solar greenhouse

作　　者：张敏[1] 王秀峰[2] 崔秀敏[1] 张东[1] 刘琼[1] 刘媛媛[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东泰安271018 [2]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第15期2712-2716,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家农业部现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-25-D);泰安市科技发展计划(32606)

摘　　要：目的掌握日光温室生产环境状况与从业人员健康的关系。方法采用统一调查表,走访了山东省的五个主要蔬菜产区,以1 171名不同性别、工龄的从业人员为访问对象,并以850名性别年龄齐同非从事温室种植业的人员为对照,进行健康状况调查。结果女性阳性率明显高于男性,骨关节痛的阳性率与劳动时间的长短呈正相关(P<0.05)。种植西葫芦、冬瓜、芸豆的从业人员皮肤瘙痒的阳性率高于其他作物,其次种植冬瓜的从业人员气喘和咳嗽、眼不适、皮肤瘙痒的阳性率较高(P<0.05)。施用无机肥料和顺水冲施的方式对骨关节痛的阳性率影响最大(P<0.05)。从业人员缺乏职业安全培训,防护措施单一、简易,极易导致不适症的发生。结论日光温室生产环境影响长期从业人员的健康,应当引起人们的重视。Objective To acquire the correlation between working environment and the health status of workers in solar greenhouse. Methods Using the method of questionnaire survey, we visited the five main vegetables producing regions in Shandong province and interviewed 1 171 farmers who worked in greenhouses and 850 controls not in greenhouses. Results Statistics showed that longterm greenhouse-working had many adverse effects on the health of greenhousing workers. Among general diseases, women were more inclined to suffer adverse effects than men, and the morbidity rate of the bone and joint damage was closely correlated to the labor time and age （P〈0.05）. The morbidity of skin pruritus was higher when planting summer squash, wax gourd and kidney bean. Asthma-related cough, eyes disease and skin pruritus were significantly correlated with planting wax gourd （P〈0.05）. The application of inorganic fertilizer and irrigation was correlated with the morbidity rate of bone and joint damage （P〈0.05）. This investigation revealed that the usage of personal protective equipment was at minimal level, and normative training of occupational health and safety was rarely completed. Conclusion The solar greenhouse would affect the workers＇ health. Greater attention should be given to the above-mentioned factors.

关 键 词：日光温室 从业人员 健康状况 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]