稻茬田小麦种植不同耕作方式的比较与分析  

Comparison and analysis of different tillage methods for planting wheat in rice stubble fields

作　　者：程玉龙[1] 张礼钢[1] 翟步顺 缪昌根 

机构地区：[1]农业部南京农业机械化研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]江苏省泰州市姜堰区农机化技术推广服务站,江苏泰州225500

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2014年第4期69-72,76,共5页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2013BAD08B04)--土壤肥力培育机械化关键技术研究与示范;农业技术试验示范专项经费(农机)项目--稻麦轮作保护性耕作技术创新研究与试验示范

摘　　要：总结分析稻茬田小麦种植不同耕作方式的应用情况,针对其中两种较为典型的秸秆还田作业方式,就土壤容重和紧实度两个指标进行了深入的研究,发现稻麦轮作田普遍存在上松下实的情况,而且下层土壤的紧实度已达到影响作物根系生长和限制增产的程度。在满足作业方式简捷高效的基础上,通过改进和试制样机,对如何降低土壤紧实度进行了初步试验与探究,证明了在稻秸秆全量覆盖的情况下,实行少免耕播种能够保证小麦的播种质量。Five kinds of operation modes which have been widely applied were summarized based on the investigation and research of planting wheat after harvesting rice in jiangyan city, A simple analysis of their cultivation effect was made, the soil compactness is loose in the upper layer and compact in the lower layer is widely exist by focusing on the two typical kinds of straw returned operation modes, however, the soil compactness in the lower layer has reached the degree of influencing root growth and limiting crop yield. On the basis of simply and efficiently operating, measures of reducing soil compactness were discussed by improving machines and carrying out plot test. The quality of wheat planting is acceptable by minimum tillage seeding under the condition of the straw mulching.

关 键 词：小麦 种植 耕作 土壤容重 紧实度 作业方式 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]