花椒粗提物对异丙甲草胺在稻田中除草效果及安全性的影响  

Effect of a Crude Chinese Prickly Ash Extract on Efficacy and Selectivity of Metolachlor in a Paddy Field

作　　者：赵建[1] 刘晴[1] 胡谢馨 柏连阳[1,3] 金晨钟[1] 王义成[1] 李静波[1] 邬腊梅[3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南人文科技学院,湖南娄底417000 [2]湖南农业大学,湖南长沙410128 [3]湖南省农业科学院,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《杂草科学》2014年第2期44-47,共4页Weed Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:31371954);国家公益性行业科研专项(编号:201303031)

摘　　要：为了探究异丙甲草胺以及花椒粗提物在水田中的除草效果与对水稻的安全性影响，在水稻移栽田中进行了药效试验。结果表明，异丙甲草胺处理组与花椒粗提物添加组对田间杂草均表现出了一定的防除效果，对单子叶杂草的防除效果最为显著，株防效为95．9％-100％；对双子叶杂草的防效相对较差，株防效仅为7．2％-76．5％；而对杂草鲜质量防效为46％～90％。用量为9000、18000、31500g／hm^2的花椒粗提物添加组与相应异丙甲草胺组比较，产量分别增加了1．4％、4．5％、12．7％。异丙甲草胺具有很强的除草活性，花椒粗提物对异丙甲草胺的除草效果影响很小，但能减缓异丙甲草胺对水稻的影响，可作为异丙甲草胺水田应用的安全剂。A paddy field test was conducted to determine the impact of a crude Chinese prickly ash extract on the efficacy and selectivity of metolachlor（metolachlor 96% EC）. Metolachlor applied in combination with the crude extract provided excellent field control of monocotyledonous weeds （between 96% and 100% ） but the effect on dicotyledonous weeds was relatively poor（7% -76% ） ;when control was expressed on a fresh weight basis,it ranged from 46% -90%. Compared to metolachlor alone,the rice yield improved 1.7% ,4.2% ,10.5% respectively,by the addition of 9 000,18 000,31 500 g/hm^2 of the crude extract. The weed control activity of metolachlor was very strong; the crude Chinese prickly ash extract had minimal influence on its activity, but retarded crop phytotoxicity of the herbicide, suggesting the possible use of the crude extract as a safener for metolachlor in paddy fields.

关 键 词：异丙甲草胺 花椒粗提物 水稻田 杂草防效 安全性 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]