大气气溶胶碳组分测量误差与北京有机气溶胶特征研究  

Error in Carbonaceous Aerosol Observation and Characteristics of Organic Aerosols in Beijing

作　　者：徐小娟[1] 张军科[1] 孔令彬[2] 吉东生[1] 王跃思[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室,北京100191 [2]兰州大学,兰州730000

出　　处：《现代科学仪器》2014年第3期127-135,共9页Modern Scientific Instruments

摘　　要：大气气溶胶碳组分存在形式多样，其化学和光学特征明显不同；因此基于不同的热和光行为的假设和分析步骤的碳组分分析方法导致碳组分测量结果的差异。本文基于文献调研与实验室分析介绍气溶胶碳组分分析仪器的基本性能指标，分析不同分析方法导致气溶胶碳组分的差异和成因。为了了解北京有机气溶胶特征，本文描述北京PM2.5中有机碳（OC）和元素碳（EC）变化特征并对北京秋、冬季PM，（大气中空气动力学直径≤1μm的颗粒物）中有机气溶胶进行了来源解析。结果表明，北京OC和EC在秋冬季呈现出较高的水平，采暖期OC浓度是非采暖期的1．2—1．8倍，EC浓度是非采暖期的1．1倍左右；秋季北京PM，中有机气溶胶（OA）主要来源于二次转化产生的氧化性有机气溶胶（OOA），机动车排放的烃类有机气溶胶（HOA）和餐饮排放有机气溶胶（COA）；而冬季北京PM1中有机气溶胶主要来源于高度氧化的低挥发性的OOA，“新鲜”氧化的半挥发性的OOA，燃煤源有机气溶胶（CCOA）、烹饪源排放的COA和机动车排放的HOA。Atmospheric carbonaceous aerosol comprises of diverse chemical constituents,whose chemical and optical characteristics are obviously different.The different results are recorded using different instruments which are based on different assumptions and protocols of thermal and optical behavior of carbonaceous aerosol.The parameters of commercial online monitors with different methods will be described based on literature and laboratory analysis.Different results of the same sample measured using different analytical methods will be discussed and analyzed.To recognize characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol in Beijing,characteristics of OC and EC in PM25 are described,and contributing sources of Beijing organic aerosols in PM1 in autumn and winter are analyzed.The results showed that that OC and EC concentration in the fall and winter in Beijing are higher, the average OC concentration during the heating period is 1.2-1.8 times higher than that during non-heating period while the average EC concentration during the heating period is 1.1 times higher than that during non-heating period. Organic aerosol （OA） in PMl in Beijing mainly consists of OOA,HOA and COA in autumn. In winter organic matter in PM1 in Beijing mainly consists of highly oxidized and low-volatile OA,freshly oxidized and semivolatile OA,coal combustion OA,cooking-emission related OA and hydrocarbon-like OA.

关 键 词：气溶胶碳组分 有机碳 元素碳 黑碳采暖期 非采暖期 

分 类 号：TH744.1[机械工程—光学工程]