孕妇邻苯二甲酸酯暴露及其影响因素  

Phthalates exposure and its influencing factors among pregnant women

作　　者：吴皖珂[1] 许媛媛[1,2] 鲍慧惠[1] 黄锟[1,2] 金忠秀 苏普玉[1,2] 盛杰 陶芳标[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系,安徽合肥230032 [2]安徽人口健康与优生省级实验室

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2014年第8期1026-1030,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2006BAI05A03);国家自然科学基金(81330068);安徽高校省级自然科学研究项目(KJ2011Z193)

摘　　要：目的 了解孕妇邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）代谢物的一般暴露情况及其影响因素。方法 2008年11月—2010年11月,以安徽省马鞍山市妇幼保健机构进行首次孕产期检查的1 492名妇女为研究对象,检测血清中PAEs代谢物浓度,评估其暴露特点及影响因素。结果 邻苯二甲酸单乙酯（MEP）、邻苯二甲酸单丁酯（MBP）和邻苯二甲酸单（2-乙基己基）酯（MEHP）的检出率分别为86.8%、99.8%和100%,相应的几何均数分别为0.22、5.56和5.77 ng/mL;二分类logistic回归分析显示,孕9-12周时MEP浓度较低（OR=0.65,95%CI=0.47-0.89）,MBP和MEHP分别在孕9-12周（OR=0.70,95%CI=0.51-0.97;OR=0.44,95%CI=0.33-0.60）和孕≥13周时（OR=0.62,95%CI=0.45-0.86;OR=0.27,95%CI=0.19-0.37）浓度较低,教育程度本科及以上（OR=1.61,95%CI=1.12-2.31）和有流产史（OR=2.17,95%CI=1.04-4.52）孕妇MBP浓度较高,年龄≥30岁的孕妇MEHP浓度较高（OR=1.88,95%CI=1.23-2.87）。结论 马鞍山市孕期妇女已经普遍暴露于PAEs代谢物,年龄、孕周、教育程度以及流产史与代谢物浓度相关。Objective To detect the exposure of phthalates among pregnant women and to explore the factors associated with the exposure. Methods The participants were 1 492 pregnant women visiting maternal and child health centers for their first prenatal examination in Ma＇ anshan city of Anhui province between November 2008 and November 2010. The levels of serum phthalate metabolites were detected and the characteristics of phthalate exposure and its influence factors were analyzed. Results Among the pregnant women, the detection rate of monoethyl phthalate （ MEP）, mono-n-butyl phthalate （ MBP）, and mono （2-ethylhexyl） phthalate （MEHP） were 86. 8 %, 99.8 %, and 100 %, with the geometric means of 0. 22 ng/mL, 5.56 ng/mL, and 5.77 ng/mL, respectively. The results of binary logistic regression showed that the women at gestational age of 9th - 12th week had lower levels of MEP （ odds ratio [ OR ] = 0. 65, 95 % confidence interval [ 95 % CI] ： 0.47 - 0. 89 ）, MBP （ OR = 0. 70,95 % CI： 0. 51 - 0. 97 ）, and MEHP （ OR =0. 44, 95% CI：0. 33 -0. 60） and the women at gestational age of 13th week had lower levels of MBP （OR =0. 62,95% CI： 0. 45 -0. 86） and MEHP （ OR =0. 27,95% CI：0. 19 -0. 37）. The level of MBP in the women with the education of undergraduate or higher （ OR = 1.61,95% CI： 1.12 - 2. 31 ） or history of abortion （ OR = 2. 17,95% CI： 1.04 - 4. 52 ） was higher and the level of MEHP in the women aged ≥ 30 years （OR = 1.88,95 % CI： 1.23 -2. 87 ） was higher. Conclusion The pregnant women in Ma＇anshan city are widely exposed to phthalates and age, gestational age, education level and history of abortion are factors related to serum phthalate metabolites in the women.

关 键 词：邻苯二甲酸酯 代谢物 孕期 暴露 影响因素 

分 类 号：R714.1[医药卫生—妇产科学]