静脉留置针在小儿输注不同浓度葡萄糖酸钙中的应用效果比较  

Comparison of the efficacy for venous indwelling needle on the different concentrations of calcium gluconate intravenous infusion in infants

作　　者：杨云智[1] 黄日妹[1] 易小青[1] 雷艳[1] 曾蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学附属深圳宝安区人民医院儿科,518101

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2014年第18期2201-2203,共3页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：宝安区科技计划项目（2007063）

摘　　要：目的：探讨婴幼儿静脉留置针输注葡萄糖酸钙时的药物最佳稀释浓度和静脉留置针留置时间。方法选择需要静脉补钙的患儿139例，按随机数字表法分为等倍稀释组43例，2倍稀释组48例和5倍稀释组48例，均使用静脉留置针，比较各组患儿穿刺血管外渗性损伤发生率、损伤程度和愈后情况。结果等倍稀释组、2倍稀释组、5倍稀释组患儿静脉留置针穿刺血管3d累计发生外渗率分别为19．4％，9．0％，2．1％，差异有统计学意义（H＝261．23，P＜0．01）；进一步两两比较，等倍稀释组发生血管外渗率高于2倍稀释组（χ2＝6．88，P＜0．01），2倍稀释组高于5倍稀释组（χ2＝6．40，P＜0．05），等倍稀释组高于5倍稀释组（χ2＝20．48，P＜0．01）。留置针在第1天，第2天，第3天血管外渗率比较差异无统计学意义（H＝3．47，P＞0．05）。结论运用静脉留置针对婴幼儿进行补钙时，10％葡萄糖酸钙稀释5倍时外渗性损伤发生率最低。Objective To explore the optimum dilution concentration of calcium gluconate intravenous infusion in infants and the detaining time of venous indwelling needle .Methods One hundred and thirty-nine infants who needed calcium gluconate intravenous infusion were chosen and divided into the one time dilution group （n=43）, two times dilution group （n=48）, and five times dilution group （n=48）.The incidence of extravasation injury in puncture vascular , the degree of injury and the situation of healing were compared among three groups .Results The total incidence of extravasation injury in puncture vascular in the one time dilution group, two times dilution group , five times dilution group within 3 days were respectively 19.4%, 9.0%, 2.1%, and the differences were statistically significant （H=261.23, P〈0.01）.The further analysis showed that the incidence of extravasation injury in the one time dilution group was higher than that of two times dilution group （χ2 =6.88, P〈0.01）, and the incidence in the two times dilution group was higher than that of five times dilution group （χ2 =6.40, P〈0.05）, and the incidence in the one time dilution group was higher than that of five times dilution group （χ2 =20.48, P 〈0.01 ）.No difference was found in the incidence of extravasation injury in puncture on the first , second and third day of the detaining time of venous indwelling needle （H=3.47,P〉0.05）.Conclusions The incidence of extravasation injury is lowest in 5 times diluted concentration of 10%calcium gluconate intravenous infusion in infants through venous indwelling needle .

关 键 词：葡萄糖酸钙 药物浓度 静脉留置针 小儿 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]