塔河渣油中沥青质临氢裂解性质及其钒分布研究  

THERMAL HYDROCRACKING PROPERTIES OF ASPHALTENE IN TAHE RESIDUE OIL AND VANADIUM DISTRIBUTION IN PRODUCTS

作　　者：陈寒梅[1] 马凤云[1] 刘景梅[1] 周岐雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]石油天然气精细化工教育部和新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室新疆大学化学化工学院,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《石油炼制与化工》2014年第8期64-70,共7页Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21276219)

摘　　要：以塔河渣油中沥青质为研究对象,进行元素组成、红外光谱、热重和1 H-NMR等分析,考察了温度、氢初压、供氢溶剂加入量、压力、芳香分和胶质等因素对沥青质临氢裂解性质影响及钒分布。结果表明:当反应温度高于430℃时,沥青质裂解产生的大分子自由基由于供氢能力不足而得不到稳定,导致缩聚反应加剧;提高溶油比与氢初压,均能促进沥青质的裂解,抑制其缩合反应。在反应温度430℃、供氢溶剂四氢萘与反应物质量比2.0、氢初压4.0MPa条件下,沥青质的裂解率和甲苯不溶物产率分别为55.69%和41.69%,钒在甲苯不溶物中的分布比例为98.92%。在该条件下,当芳香分和胶质占反应物的50%时,沥青质反应的甲苯不溶物生成率与沥青质单独加氢裂解时相比,分别降低8.31和5.55百分点,且钒在甲苯不溶物中的分布比例降幅小于5%。Asphaltene in Tahe residue was analyzed by element compositions, IR, 1H-NMR and thermogravimetry. The effect of temperature, the ratio of tetralin to asphaltene, initial hydrogen pressure, aromatics and resin on the thermal hydrocracking characteristics of asphaltene and vanadium distribution in products were investigated. It shows that when reaction temperature 〉430℃, the condensation reaction of macromolecular radicals generated by asphaltene cracking was intensified due to the hydrogen capacity; increasing solvent-oil ratio and initial hydrogen pressure not only promote cracking of asphaltene but also inhibit the condensation reaction. Under the suitable operating conditions （430 ℃, tetralin to asphaltene mass ratio of 2.0 and initial hydrogen pressure 4.0 MPa）, the cracking and toluene insoluble rate of asphaltene is 55.69% and 41.69%, respectively. The vanadium in the toluene insoluble is 98. 92%. When aromatics and resin account for 50% in the total material, the toluene insoluble reduces 8.31 percentage points and 5.55 percentage points, respectively for thermal hydrocracking with or without hydrogen donor. The distribution of vanadium in the toluene insoluble decreases less than 5%.

关 键 词：沥青质 临氢裂解 钒 供氢溶剂 四氢萘 

分 类 号：TE624[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]