侧卸式装载机工作机构运动特性仿真及优化  

Kinematic characteristics simulation and optimization for working mechanism of side-discharge loader

作　　者：李晓豁[1] 王新[1] 吴云[1] 石峥嵘[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学机械工程学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《机械设计》2014年第7期39-42,共4页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(59774033);中国煤炭工业协会科学技术研究指导性计划资助项目(MTKJ2011-325)

摘　　要：针对侧卸式装载机工作机构传统优化设计方法的不足和使用中运动特性不佳的实际,提出了在虚拟样机条件下工作机构运动特性仿真及其优化设计的方法。该方法能根据侧卸式装载机工作机构的设计要求,通过建立其三维仿真模型和数学模型,利用ADAMS对工作机构进行运动特性仿真,研究了其自动放平性和举升平移性,之后采用遗传算法对工作机构连杆几何尺寸进行优化设计,并对优化后的工作机构进行运动特性仿真。利用该方法对国产某型侧卸式装载机工作机构研究表明,优化后铲斗自动放平性提高79.1%,工作机构举升平移性增加79.4%,明显地改善了侧卸式装载机工作机构的运动特性。Because traditional optimization design methods can not acquire a sound kinematic characteristic in application, thus not meeting the design requirements for a working mechanism of a side-discharge loader, a kinematic characteristics simulation and optimization design approach based on virtual prototype for the mechanism was proposed in the paper. According to design requirements of the mechanism of side-discharge loader, this method can obtain the automate-level performance and lift translation performanee of a working mechanism through establishing a three-dimensional simulation model and mathematics model, and simulating kinematic characteristics of the mechanism with ADAMS soft ware, then the connecting rod geometries of working mechanism were optimized by means of genetic algorithm, and kinematic characteristics of the optimized mechanism was simulated. The results studied a certain type of domestic side-discharge loader show that the optimized automate-level performance of the bucket can be increased by 79.1%, the lift translation performance of the mechanism can be increased by 79.4%, the kinematic characteristics for working mechanism of side-discharge loader is improved obviously.

关 键 词：侧卸式装载机 工作机构 运动特性 仿真 遗传算法 优化设计 

分 类 号：TD421.71[矿业工程—矿山机电]