发达国家草原管理模型的发展趋势  

The Trends of the Development of the Developed Countries' Rangeland Management Models

作　　者：曲云鹤[1] 余成群[1] 武俊喜[1] 孙维[1] 高利伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所自然资源与环境安全研究部,北京100101

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2014年第4期110-115,共6页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家科技支撑课题"藏北退化草地综合整治技术与示范"(2011BAC09B03);国家科技支撑课题"西北和青藏地区优质牧草丰产栽培及草畜耦合技术集成与产业化示范"(2011BAD17B05);西藏科技厅课题"西藏草原生态保护补助奖励机制效果评价"资助

摘　　要：完善的草原管理模型以理论、机理和应用三个环节为结构要素,发达国家草原管理模型的发展以各环节的发展为基础,呈现出草原管理建模理论基础由生态平衡范式向生态平衡和非平衡二元共生范式转变、草原管理机理模型由传统放牧草地演进模型向状态和变迁模型转变、草原管理应用模型与现代科技紧密结合并向满足微观层次需求方向发展的趋势。我国草原管理模型的发展亟需从理论、机理和应用三环节来充实和完善,以推动草原管理实现现代化。Completed rangeland management model has three key structure factors, which were theory foundation, mechanism model and application model. Based on these three factors＇ development, range- land management of the developed countries had showed three important trends： the theoretical foundation of building models changing from monopole equilibrium paradigm to integration of equilibrium and non-e quilibrium paradigms; mainstream mechanism models changing from classical range model to state-and- transition model; application models mixing with modern science and technology tightly, and satisfying the micro-demand, such as farms and companies. It＇s time for our countries＇ rangeland management to enrich and complete from three faces, which are theory, mechanism and application, to realize the modernization of rangeland management.

关 键 词：草原管理模型 非平衡范式 状态和变迁模型 

分 类 号：S812.5[农业科学—草业科学]