广东上川岛猕猴自然保护区鸟类群落多样性研究  

Avian diversity of Shangchuan Island Macaque Nature Reserve,Guangdong

作　　者：张敏[1,2] 张强[1,2] 洪永密[1,2] 吴玉春[1,2] 邹发生[1,2] 卢开和 梁晓东 

机构地区：[1]广东省昆虫研究所 [2]华南濒危动物研究所,广州510260 [3]广东省林业厅,广州510173

出　　处：《生态科学》2014年第1期61-67,共7页Ecological Science

基　　金：NSFC-广东省政府联合基金(No.U0833005);广东省科技计划项目(2011B031100004);广东省科学院青年科学研究基金(qnjj201013);广东省林业局广东珠江口岛屿猕猴资源调查项目

摘　　要：2008—2010年对广东上川岛猕猴自然保护区及周边进行鸟类资源调查,研究海岛生态环境差异对生物多样性的影响。共记录鸟类11目32科79种,留鸟占55.7%,陆鸟占70.9%;优势种为白头鹎(Pycnonotus sinensis)和白鹭(Egretta garzetta)。总体鸟类多样性指数H’为3.210、均匀度指数J为0.740。村落农田鸟类种类最多,有51种,其次是陆生森林46种,海岸37种。各生境H’排序为:村落农田>陆生森林>海岸,而J则为村落农田>海岸>陆生森林。村落农田在大尺度上属于陆生森林和海岸之间的生态交错带,多样化水平高;而从陆生森林直接到海岸的生境梯度较陡,导致其多样性低,鸟类种类数量差异大。To study biodiversity response on various habitats of island environment, bird surveys were conducted from 2008 to 2010 in Macaque Nature Reserve and its adjacent area on Shangchuan Island, Guangdong Province. Seventy-nine bird species were recorded representing 11 orders and 32 families. There were 44 residents （55.7%） and 56 upland birds （70.9%）. Dominant species were Chinese Bulbul （Pycnonotus sinensis） and Little Egret （Egretta garzetta）. The Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index of total bird community were 3.210 and 0.740, respectively. Among three habitats, village and farmland habitat had the highest species number which was 51, followed by forest habitat which had 46. And the species number of coast habitat was 37. The sequence of Shannon-Wiener index of habitats was listed as village and farmland 〉 forest 〉 coast, and that of Pielou index was village and farmland 〉 coast 〉 forest. As ecotone affected along with edge effect, the villages and farmlands located between forest and coast had the highest species abundance, individual densities and diversity indexes. The habitat gradient changed abruptly from forest to coast without transitional habitat, and resulted in low diversity which indicated by high variation in bird species and abundance.

关 键 词：上川岛 鸟类多样性 生态交错带 生境 

分 类 号：Q958.15[生物学—动物学]