外源性有机碳对淡水生态系统食物网的贡献  

Differntial support of lake food webs by allochthonous organic carbon

作　　者：唐雅丽[1] 程冬梅[1] 刘正文[1] 吴林睿 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生态系与水生生物研究所,水体富营养化与赤潮防治广东普通高校重点实验室,广州510632

出　　处：《生态科学》2014年第1期161-165,共5页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31000219);广东省教育厅育苗工程项目(LYM10026);暨南大学国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(1210559017)

摘　　要：淡水生态系统中的有机碳来自于两个部分,系统自身的初级生产力(内源性有机碳)以及流域带来的外源性有机碳。而外源性有机碳对淡水生态系统食物网贡献的大小一直以来存在争议。如一些富营养化水体中,较高的内源性初级生产力会降低水生生物对外源性碳的依赖性。而在一些贫营养和富含腐殖质的湖泊和溪流中,水生生物对外源性有机碳的利用甚至超过了内源性有机碳。总结分析了外源性有机碳对食物网的贡献的研究现状,概括了三种不同形式的外源有机碳[溶解有机碳(DOC)、颗粒有机碳(POC)、陆生动物]对淡水生态系统食物网的贡献及其路径,并得出结论:外源性有机碳对不同淡水生态系统食物网贡献各有不同,其大小主要受到水体的营养状态、水体中的消费者种类、外源性有机碳的质量以及进入食物网的方式等多方面因素的影响。Organic carbon （C） in freshwater ecosystems originates from two distinct sources--primary production from within the system itself （autochthonous organic carbon） and inputs of organic matter from the terrestrial watershed （allochthonous organic carbon）. How much the allochthonous oganic carbon resources can support lake food webs remains a question. Recent researches show that in eutrophic ecosystems, primary production is high enough to support the whole system, while in the oligotrophic and humic lakes and streams, the utilization of allochthonous organic carbon by aquatic organisms is more than that of autochthonous substances. This paper reviews the recent researches about the contribution and pathways of three types of autochthonous organic carbon （dissolved organic carbon （DOC）, particulates organic carbon （POC）, terrestrial prey） to food webs of freshwater ecosystems, and concludes that the effects of allochthonous organic carbon on the aquatic ecosystem depends on characteristics of the imported material, the pathways of entry into the food web, the types of consumers present, and the productivity of the recipient system.

关 键 词：淡水生态系统食物网 有机碳 DOC POC 陆生动物 

分 类 号：Q89[生物学]