象山港国华电厂强增温海域浮游植物群落结构的季节性格局  

Seasonal pattern of phytoplankton community structure in the strong temperature increment seawaters near Guohua power plant in Xiangshan Bay

作　　者：李婷[1] 韩晓[1] 林霞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,宁波315211 [2]宁波大学应用海洋生物技术教育部重点实验室,宁波315211

出　　处：《生态科学》2014年第2期353-360,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目(201105009-3);国家科技支撑项目(2011BAD13B08);浙江省自然科学基金(Y5100369);宁波市自然科学基金(2011A610015);卓越农林人才培养教育计划项目(D00282124902)

摘　　要：为探索电厂温排水对浮游植物群落结构的影响,于2011年2月(冬)、5月(春)、8月(夏)和11月(秋),用浮游生物III型网(网目77μm)在象山港国华电厂邻近海域的强增温区进行10站位2重复的浮游植物取样。结果表明,共有浮游植物51种,以硅藻门占绝对优势,共20属48种。该海域年平均丰度为71.5×104 ind·m–3,物种多样性最高发生在秋季,而春季最低。4个季节的优势种有16种,其中,春季和冬季各检出1种,分别为中心圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus centralis)和中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum),其他季节最主要优势种为中华盒形藻(Biddulphia sinensis)、丹麦细柱藻(Leptocylindrus danicus)和洛氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros lorenzianus)。相似性分析(ANOSIM)和相似性百分比(SIMPER)分析显示,各季节间群落结构存在显著差异(R=0.992,p<0.01),尤其在夏季,温排水对浮游植物群落结构有明显影响,适高温的角毛藻倾向于聚集到排水口附近海域,这可能会增加高温期角毛藻赤潮的概率。To explore the effect of thermal discharge from the power plant on phytoplankton community structure, two replicates of phytoplankton samples were seasonally collected in February （winter）, May （spring）, August （summer） and November （autumn）, by using the type III net with mesh size of 77 μm at 10 stations in the strong temperature increment seawaters near Guohua power plant in Xiangshan Bay in 2011. The results demonstrated that total 51 species were recorded and dominant taxa were Bacillariophyta, which contained 48 species belonging to 20 genera. In the study seawaters, the annual average abundance was 71.5×10^4ind·m-3. The highest species diversity occurred in the fall, while the lowest was in spring. From four seasonal investigations, 16 dominant species were found, where Coscinodiscus centralis and Skeletonema costatum were detected in spring and winter, respectively; while the most important dominant species in other seasons were Biddulphia sinensis, Leptocylindrus danicus and Chaetoceros lorenzianus. Both analyses of similarity （ANOSIM） and similarity percentage （SIMPER） showed that community structures among seasons were significantly different （R = 0.992, p 〈0.01）. Especially in the summer, thermal discharge from the power plant had impacted phytoplankton community structure, in which Chaetoceros tended to gather to the outfall, and this will result in increasing the probability of Chaetoceros red tide during the high-temperature season near the power plant.

关 键 词：象山港 国华电厂 温排水 浮游植物 群落结构 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学] X835[生物学—普通生物学]