大穗型水稻^13C光合产物的积累与分配  

Studies on the Accumulation and Transformation of Assimilation Product of Heavy Panicle Type Rice Using ^(13)C Labeling Technique

作　　者：闫川[1,2] 洪晓富[1,3] 阮关海[1,2] 余守武[1,2] 王绍华[3] 丁艳锋[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院作物与核技术利用研究所,浙江杭州310021 [2]浙江农科种业有限公司,浙江杭州310021 [3]南京农业大学农业部作物生长调控重点开放实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《核农学报》2014年第7期1282-1287,共6页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：浙江省重大科技专项计划项目(2011C12030);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ12C13005)

摘　　要：为了研究大穗型水稻品种穗、后光合产物的积累与分配,本试验以不同穗粒型的杂交粳稻品种为材料,研究了大穗型水稻穗后的光合生产、积累及物质转运特性,并通过13CO2标记技术,研究了水稻穗后不同时期光合产物的去向。结果表明,大穗型品种的穗粒数、单穗重显著大于中穗型品种。大穗型品种在齐穗后剑叶的净光合速率和上三叶的SPAD值显著高于中穗型品种。大穗型总13C同化物量显著高于中穗型品种,尤其表现在灌浆后期的穗部,而灌浆后期中穗型品种茎秆和叶片中的13C同化物量高于大穗型品种。大穗型品种具有较强的CO2同化能力优势,穗后光合产物的积累优势明显,且茎鞘物质向穗部的转移量、转运率及抽穗至成熟干物质积累占籽粒产量的百分率明显高于中穗型品种,具有更高的增产潜力。该研究以期为水稻超高产育种和栽培提供理论依据。In order to study on the accumulation and transformation of assimilation product of heavy panicle type rice,in this experiment,the accumulation and transformation of assimilation product in different periods of heavy panicle type rice varieties were studied. Besides this,based on the ^13C labeling technique,the photosynthetic products were studied as well. Results showed that the grains per panicle and panicle weight of heavy panicle varieties were significantly greater than in a medium-sized panicle. The net photosynthetic rate of flag leaf and SPAD value of upper leaves were significantly higher than in a medium-sized panicle. The total13C assimilation of heavy panicle varieties was significantly higher than medium-sized panicle varieties,especially in the latter part of grain filling,but the ^13C assimilation of medium-sized panicle varieties was significantly higher in stems and leaves. Heavy panicle with strong CO2assimilation capacity and obvious advantages of the accumulation of photosynthetic products after heading were considered. Compared with the medium-sized panicle varieties,the transfer amount of photosynthetic products,transfer rate and the percentage of dry matter accumulation of grain yield from heading to maturity were significantly higher than those in heavy panicle varieties,and also has a higher yield potential. This study provided the theoretical basis for rice super high yield breeding and Cultivation.

关 键 词：水稻 大穗型 ^13C标记 光合生产 积累与分配 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]