真空碳热还原处理铅锌烟尘实验研究  

Recycling of Lead and Zinc Dusts by Vacuum Carbothermic Reduction

作　　者：孙红燕[1] 孔馨[1] 森维 王宝森[1] 易中周[1] 刘贵阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]红河学院理学院,蒙自661100 [2]云南锡业股份有限公司,个旧661000

出　　处：《真空科学与技术学报》2014年第7期758-762,共5页Chinese Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology

基　　金：云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2013Y068);红河学院"化学"云南省硕士点建设学科开放基金项目(HXZ1308)

摘　　要：以铅冶炼厂烟化段生产的铅锌烟尘为原料利用真空碳热还原法综合回收铅锌。采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和化学分析等手段研究了铅锌烟尘原料性质、还原产物的物相和显微结构的变化规律。通过热力学计算得出当系统压力从105Pa依次降为104,103,102,10 Pa时,ZnO用碳还原的临界温度从1179.35 K依次降为990.97,854.48,751.03,669.93 K,而PbO用碳还原的临界温度则从554.92 K依次降为499.75,454.56,416.86,384.94 K。通过实验研究不同配碳比,还原温度,保温时间,得出当系统压力为20 Pa,配碳比为2.5,还原温度为1173 K时,真空碳热还原处理铅锌烟尘60 min能获得较高纯度的铅锌混合物,锌和铅的回收率分别74.99%和42.28%。A novel environmental friendly technique was developed to recover Pb and Zn from the wastes of lead smelter, lead and zinc dusts, by carbothermicreduction in vacuum. The impacts of the reduction conditions, including but not limited to the pressure, mole ratio of C/（Zn ＋ Pb）, critical reduction temperatures and times of ZnO and PbO, and energy consumption, on the recovery rates of Zn and Pb were theoretically calculated and experimentally investigated. The microstructures and stoichiometry of the lead and zinc dusts and recovered products were characterized with X-my diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and conventional chemical analysis tools. The preliminary results show that under com- premised conditions： a pressure of 20 Pa, a C/（Zn ＋ Pb）mole ratio of 2.5, a temperature of 1173 K, a reduction time of 60 min, therecovery rates of Zn and Pbreached74.99 % and 42.28 %, respectively. Besides, a mixture of highly pure zinc and lead was obtained.

关 键 词：铅锌烟尘 碳热还原 热力学分析 真空 

分 类 号：TF812[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]