决定古尔班通古特沙漠短命植物分布的关键因子是5月降水  

Precipitation in May is a key factor to determinate the distribution of ephemeral plants in Gurbantünggüt Desert

作　　者：李巧梅[1] 曾勇[1] 孙钦明[1] 刘彤[1] 韩志全[2] 李勇冠[1] 刘华峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学生命科学学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]石河子大学理学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第8期2038-2045,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委-新疆联合基金重点项目(U1130304);新疆生产建设兵团工业科技攻关项目(2012BA012)资助

摘　　要：短命植物是我国荒漠植物区系的独特部分,主要分布于准噶尔盆地,对维持古尔班通古特沙漠沙丘稳定作用显著,然而对其分布的降水依赖至今缺乏定量研究。本文在2009、2011和2012年对古尔班通古特沙漠南缘73个样地短命植物调查基础上,利用ArcGIS 10.0软件对中国逐日网格降水量实时分析系统数据集进行样条函数插值(分辨率0.05°),提取每个调查样地的每日降水数据,分别以短命植物的丰富度和盖度为因变量,生育期、季节、月份降水为自变量,进行逐步多元线性回归和主成分分析,研究不同类型降水对短命植物分布的影响,以及10个广布种和10个窄布种的影响特点。结果表明:短命植物的丰富度与不同降水类型中的春季、展叶期、5月份的降水相关,盖度与春季、结果期、5月份的降水相关。影响广布种盖度的降水是5、6月份,窄布种盖度与3、4、5和7月份降水都相关,综合认为5月份降水是影响古尔班通古特沙漠短命植物分布的关键因子。Ephemeral plants are a unique part of desert flora. They are mainly distributed in the Junggar Basin and are of great importance to the stability of dunes in the Gurbanttinggtit Desert. However, quantitative information on the relationship between precipitation and ephemeral plant distribution remains poorly studied. In 2009, 2011, and 2012, ephemeral plants in 73 plots located on the southern edge of Gurbanttinggiit Desert were investigated. Using ArcGIS 10.0 soft-ware, daily precipitation data of each plot were obtained by spline interpolation at 0.05 o resolution from daily real-time gridded precipitation data of China. Using richness and coverage of ephemeral plants as the dependent variables, and precipitation during the growth period, season and month as independent variables, stepwise multivariate linear regression and principal component analysis were conducted to determine the effects of different precipitation types on the distri- bution of ephemeral plants and on the distribution of ten widespread and ten rare species. Results indicated that the richness of ephemeral plants was correlated with precipitation in spring, leaf expansion period, and May （classified according to different criterions ） , while their coverage was correlated with precipitation in spring, fruiting period and May. Precipitation in May and June had a significant impact on the widespread species, and precipitation in March, April, May and July had a significant impact on the rare species. Altogether, precipitation in May is a critical factor on the distribution of ephemerals in Gurbanttinggtit Desert.

关 键 词：古尔班通古特沙漠 短命植物 降水 多元线性回归 主成分分析 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]