蚯蚓生物滤池处理剩余污泥高效填料的筛选  

Selection of Efficient Media in Vermifilter for Excess Sludge Reduction

作　　者：蒋锦洲 邢美燕[1,2] 杨健[1,2] 林亚楠[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学长江水环境教育部重点实验室,上海200092 [2]同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2014年第15期6-10,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51109161);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20110072120029)

摘　　要：蚯蚓生物滤池处理剩余污泥时填料是影响污泥减量化效果的关键因素之一。为进一步提高蚯蚓生物滤池工艺的效能,在有机负荷为1.30和1.73 kgVSS/(m3·d)条件下比较了瓷球、拉西环、陶粒三种不同填料的蚯蚓生物滤池处理剩余污泥的减量化及稳定化效果,并从滤池持泥量变化以及蚯蚓的生理生态适应性探讨了三种填料的优缺点。结果表明,以拉西环为填料的蚯蚓生物滤池运行最为稳定高效,VSS减量率平均为56%,满足《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918—2002)中污泥有机物降解率>40%的要求;其微生物的附着和对污泥的截留确保蚯蚓的食料充足,通过显微镜观察蚯蚓切片发现,拉西环对蚯蚓体壁的损伤较小,且拉西环较大的空隙率为蚯蚓与微生物的生长繁殖提供了连通性好、透气性强的环境条件,有利于发挥蚯蚓与微生物的协同降解作用。Filter media are crucial for vermifiher to achieve effective sludge reduction. To improve the efficiency of vermifilter, the performances of porcelain balls, Raschig rings and ceramsites as the filter media for sludge reduction and stabilization were investigated at the organic loads of 1.30 kgVSS/（ m3 ·d） and l. 73 kgVSS/（m3 ·d） respectively. Moreover the suspended solids in the vermifilter as well as the physiological and ecological adaptability of earthworms were documented together to evaluate the char- acteristics of the three media. The results showed that Raschig ring was superior to the other two filter media. The vermifilter packed with Raschig rings operated steadily throughout the experimental period with an average VSS reduction rate of 56%, which could achieve the level of 40% sludge stabilization for anaerobic and aerobic digestion in the Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treat- ment Plant （GB 18918 -2002）. The suspended solids kept in the vermifilter packed with Raschig rings ensured enough food for earthworms. The microstructure of histological section of earthworms showed that earthworms in the vermifiher packed with Raschig rings suffered less abrasions to the body wall. Especial-ly the larger porosity of Raschig rings provided favorable conditions such as connectivity and air permea- bility for earthworms and microorganisms, which was beneficial to the interactions of earthworms and mi- croorganisms for the degradation of organic matter.

关 键 词：蚯蚓生物滤池 污泥减量化和稳定化 生理生态适应性 高效填料 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]