基于养分含量和生化性状的南京城郊设施蔬菜土壤质量评价  

Quality assessment of greenhouse vegetable soils in suburbs of Nanjing city based on analyses of nutrient content and biochemical properties

作　　者：江春玉[1] 李忠佩[1] 张怡[1] 李明[1] 刘明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所、土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2014年第2期296-303,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41001143);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-JC405)

摘　　要：为探讨长期大棚种植对土壤质量的影响,采集南京城郊5个蔬菜基地土壤,测定其pH值、养分含量、酶活性、微生物生物量和群落功能多样性等指标,采用主成分分析法初步评价设施蔬菜土壤的质量状况。结果显示:与露天菜地土壤相比,设施土壤pH值下降0.83,速效磷和速效钾含量分别提高79.00%和41.00%,微生物生物量碳、微生物商、物种丰富度和优势度分别降低25.00%、34.00%、28.00%和20.00%。主成分分析法得到的5个主成分对于总方差的累积贡献率达到86.20%。计算综合得分可知,南京城郊西寇地区土壤质量较好,谷里和江心洲地区土壤得分较低。结合土壤理化性状指标可知,谷里地区酸化明显、速效养分含量较高;江心洲地区土壤肥力水平较低。To identify the influence of long-term greenhouse cultivation on soil quality, soil samples were collectedfrom five vegetable bases in suburbs of Nanjing city, physicochemical and biological parameters including pH value, nutri-ent contents, enzyme activities, microbial biomass and community functional diversity of the tested soils were measured,and the quality of tested greenhouse soils were assessed by principal component analysis. Compared to outdoor planting,greenhouse soil pH value dropped by 0. 83 units, available phosphorus and potassium contents increased by 79.00% and41.00%, soil microbial biomass carbon, ratios of microbial biomass carbon to total organic carbon, microbial species rich-ness and dominance decreased by 25.00%, 34.00%, 28.00% and 20.00%, respectively. The cumulative contributionrate of five selected principal components to total varianceby principal component analysis reached 86. 20%. Theoverall scores of soil samples showed that soil quality inXikou base was the best, in Guli and Jiangxinzhou baseswere the lowest. The greenhouse soils in Guli base weresignificantly acidified and were high in available nutrientcontents, and the soils in Jiangxinzhou base were low in fertility.

关 键 词：设施蔬菜 土壤性状 土壤质量评价 主成分分析 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]