可饱和脉冲变压器及其在脉冲调制器中的应用  

New types of saturable pulse transformers and applications in high power pulse modulator and relevant devices

作　　者：张瑜[1] 刘金亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]国防科学技术大学光电科学与工程学院,长沙410073

出　　处：《强激光与粒子束》2014年第4期168-177,共10页High Power Laser and Particle Beams

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51177167);国防科技大学优秀研究生创新基金项目(B100702);湖南省研究生创新基金项目(CX2010B034)

摘　　要：提出了采用多路绕组分组并联结构和同轴结构的两种新型可饱和脉冲变压器(SPT),用来取代寿命较短的气体开关,作为脉冲电容器或几百kV级脉冲调制器的充电变压器兼主开关。采用磁芯自动复位机制的新型SPT,初步解决了普通SPT难以兼具高升压倍数和绕组低饱和电感的问题,实现独立脉冲变压器和磁开关的集成紧凑化。采用初次级绕组间反向互感压制的物理机制,实现SPT次级绕组饱和电感降低到其固有饱和结构电感以下水平的重要特性,为实现低饱和电感磁开关探索了一条新技术路线。新型SPT已在螺旋Blumlein脉冲形成线(HBPFL)型高功率脉冲调制器中获得了应用:其作为变压器实现HBPFL充电200kV的目标;其作为HBPFL主开关形成了幅度为180kV、脉宽135ns、前沿时间60ns的准方波电压脉冲。此外,提出并验证了新型SPT应用于百kV级集成紧凑化Marx发生器及多路高电压脉冲ns同步等领域的新技术路线。New types of saturable pulse transformers(SPTs)with multiple batches of windings in parallel and coaxial cylindrical conductors are presented.The new SPT can be employed as the transformer and magnetic switch simultaneously for pulse capacitor or high-voltage pulse modulator of several hundred kV range.The SPT which has important features such as auto-resetting of core,high step-up ratio and low saturation inductance,achieves a compact integration of common transformer and magnetic switch.In the SPT,the physical suppression effect caused by reversed magnetic coupling mechanism among primary and secondary windings can reduce the saturation inductance of the SPT windings to a level lower than their structure inductances,which helps to achieve a magnetic switch with low saturation inductance.The proposed SPTs were applied in a high power pulse modulator based on a helical Blumlein pulse forming line(HBPFL).When the SPT played as a pulse transformer,the HBPFL could be charged to 200kV.When the SPT played as a main magnetic switch of the HBPFL,it helped to form a quasi-square voltage pulse with amplitude of 180kV,pulse duration of 130ns,rise time of 60ns.Furthermore,important new technologies and applications of SPT in 100kV-range compact Marx generator and ns-range synchronization of multiple high-voltage pulses are proposed and demonstrated.

关 键 词：高功率脉冲调制器 可饱和脉冲变压器 反向互感压制机制 集成紧凑化 低饱和电感 MARX发生器 ns同步 

分 类 号：TM154[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]