某污灌区土壤与蔬菜重金属污染状况及健康风险评价  

Heavy Metal Pollution and Health Risk Assessment of Soil and Vegetable in a Sewage-Irrigated Area

作　　者：杨晶[1] 赵云利[1,2] 甄泉[1] 张杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]蚌埠医学院预防医学系,安徽蚌埠233030 [2]东南大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2014年第2期234-238,共5页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：安徽省教育厅优秀人才基金(2011SQRL086);蚌埠医学院自然科学研究项目(Byky1201)

摘　　要：对安徽蚌埠某污灌区的土壤及蔬菜进行取样调查,分别测定其重金属As、Pb、Cr、Cd 和Hg 含量,利用单因子污染指数和内梅罗综合污染指数评价污灌区土壤及蔬菜的污染状况,并结合EPA MMSOILS 模型评价了当地食用蔬菜对人体造成的健康风险.结果表明,研究区土壤中As、Pb、Cr、Cd 和Hg 含量平均值分别为4. 182、3. 685、1. 397、0. 381 和0. 151 mg·kg-1,与GB 15618-1995《土壤环境质量标准》中的Ⅱ级标准（pH 值为6. 5～7. 5）相比,Cd 含量超标,其单因子污染指数为1. 27.土壤内梅罗综合污染指数为0. 931,表明土壤污染情况已处于警戒范围内,主要因素是Cd 污染.蔬菜中各重金属含量符合GB 2762-2012《食品中污染物限量》,各重金属含量由高到低分别为Pb、As、Cr、Cd 和Hg.食用蔬菜中Pb、Cd、Hg 和Cr 对人体造成的健康风险均较低,风险指数分别为0. 40、0. 07、0. 12 和0. 06,而As 的风险指数达1. 12,暴露风险较大.Concentrations of As, Pb, Cr, Cd and Hg in soil and vegetable in a sewage-irrigated area in Bengbu, AnhuiProvince were monitored and analyzed. Heavy metal pollutions of the soil and vegetable produced therein were evaluated u-sing the single factor index and Nemero index of pollution, and health risk of the vegetable was assessed using the EPAMMSOILS model. Results show that the average concentration of As, Pb, Cr, Cd and Hg in the soil was 4. 182, 3. 685,1. 397, 0. 381 and 0. 151 mg·kg-1, respectively. The concentration of Cd was well over the criterion in Grade Ⅱ of theStandard for Soil Quality （GB 15618-1995） （6. 5〈pH〈7. 5）, with its single-factor pollution index reaching 1. 27. Theconcentrations of Hg, Pb, Cr, Cd and As in vegetable were in the range in compliance with the Food Sanitation Standard（GB 2762-2012）, which suggests that the vegetable produced in the sewage irrigated area is not risky. The heavy metalsdetected in the vegetable displayed an order of Pb〉As〉Cr〉Cd〉Hg in terms of content. Among the heavy metals in vegeta-ble, As was the highest in risk, reaching 1. 12 in hazard quotient, while the others were 0. 40, 0. 07, 0. 12 and 0. 06,separately, displaying an order of As〉Pb〉Hg〉Cd〉Cr.

关 键 词：土壤 蔬菜 重金属污染 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X833[环境科学与工程—环境工程]