塔河稠油催化降黏机理研究  

STUDY ON VISCOSITY REDUCTION MECHANISM OF TAHE HEAVY OIL BY CATALYTIC AQUATHERMOLYSIS

作　　者：黄娟[1] 李本高[1] 秦冰[1] 雷斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油化工科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《石油炼制与化工》2014年第5期16-20,共5页Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals

摘　　要：通过对比分析催化降黏前后塔河稠油主要性质及组成变化,并结合以十二硫醇和辛硫醚为模型化合物的催化降黏反应,探讨塔河稠油催化降黏机理。结果表明:塔河稠油经催化降黏后,降黏率可达65.8%,比热降黏率高32百分点;且降黏后重质组分减少,轻质组分增加,表观相对分子质量降低,硫含量减少;模型化合物十二硫醇和辛硫醚在催化降黏条件下发生了C—S,S—H,C—C,S—S的断裂反应。塔河稠油经催化降黏处理后黏度降低的主要原因是克服了引起胶质、沥青质团聚的氢键、配位键等弱作用力,同时部分键能较弱的化学键如C—S,C—O,C—C等发生断裂,导致稠油分子聚集体变小,从而改变稠油缔合状态,实现不可逆降黏。By comparison of the characters and compositions of Tahe heavy oil before and after aquathermolysis with or without viscosity reducer and a model compound aquathermolysis reaction,a mechanism of viscosity reduction was established.The test results show that the viscosity of Tahe heavy oil can be reduced up to 65.8% by catalytic aquathermolysis,32% higher than that of aquathermolysis without viscosity reducer.The heavy component is decreased,the light one is increased,and the molecular weight and the sulfur content are reduced after treatment.The aquathermolysis experiments of dodecyl mercaptan and dioctyl sulfide with viscosity reducer indicate that the bond breakage of C—S,S—H, C—C,S—S are happened.The reasons for the irreversible viscosity reduction are the weakened molecular interactions like hydrogen bond and coordination bond and bond breakages after treatment,resulting in smaller aggregation of resins and asphaltenes and thus the reduced viscosity.

关 键 词：稠油 催化 降黏 机理 

分 类 号：TE624.1[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]