不同施氮量下采收时期对上部叶质量和经济性状的影响  

Effects of Harvesting Times on Quality and Economic Characters of Upper Leaves of Tobacco under Five Nitrogen Rates

作　　者：宋莹丽[1] 史宏志[1] 何景福 王维超[3] 穆文静[1] 王瑞云[1] 孙红恋[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,郑州450002 [2]河南中烟工业有限责任公司,郑州450002 [3]河南省烟草公司许昌市公司,河南许昌461700

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2014年第2期94-99,共6页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：国家烟草专卖局特色优质烟叶开发重大专项[110201101001(TS-01)]

摘　　要：在5个施氮水平上设置了3个采收时期进行大田试验，研究采收时期在不同施氮水平下对NC297上部烟叶物理、化学、经济性状及叶片色素含量的影响。结果表明，烤后烟叶总糖、还原糖的含量随采收时期的推迟显著减少；烟碱的变化趋势与施氮水平有关，在＜30 kg/hm2的施氮水平下表现为先增后减的趋势，在30～60 kg/hm2的施氮水平下呈现增加趋势；施氮量＜30 kg/hm2不适合推迟采收；施氮量为30、45和60 kg/hm2时推迟5 d采收的化学成分最为协调而且能取得最大的经济效益。施氮量为45 kg/hm2时推迟5 d采收烟叶的均价及上等烟比例最高，且感官质量最佳。A field experiment with three harvest times and five nitrogen rates was conducted to study the effects of harvest times on physical, economic and chemical characters and the content of the pigment in the upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that the contents of total sugar and reducing sugar decreased with the postponement of harvest time. Nicotine content increased and then decreased when the nitrogen rate was ＆lt;30 kg/ha, and it increased when the nitrogen rate was 30-60 kg/ha. Delayed harvest was not suitable if nitrogen rate was＆lt;30 kg/ha. Five days delayed harvest was the best when the nitrogen rates was 30, 45, and 60 kg/ha. The average price, proportion of high grage tobacco ratio and the sensory quality were the best in the five day delayed harvest with nitrogen rate of 45 kg/ha.

关 键 词：施氮量 采收时期 成熟度 物理性状 化学成分 经济性状 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]