广东省农村地区使用生物燃料与女性高血压关系的多水平模型分析  

Using biomass fuel at home and the development of hypertension in adult women living in rural areas of Guangdong： a multilevel model analysis

作　　者：古羽舟 马文军 刘涛 许燕君[3] 林华亮 蔡秋茂[3] 肖建鹏 曾韦霖 吕晓娟[4] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学医学院,广州510632 [2]广东省公共卫生研究院 广东省疾病预防控制中心 [3]广东省疾病预防控制中心 [4]南方医科大学

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2014年第8期901-904,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的 了解广东省农村地区家庭生物燃料使用情况,以及生物燃料使用对农村女性高血压患病的影响.方法 采用多层、多阶段随机整群抽样方法于2010年抽取广东省13个农村县/区≥18岁居民进行问卷调查和体格检查,分析农村家庭的生物燃料使用情况.纳入县/区水平和个体水平建立两水平logistic回归模型,分析女性调查对象生物燃料使用与高血压的关系,并进一步探讨使用排风扇对此关系的影响.结果 5 794户农村家庭中2 569户（44.3％）以生物燃料为主要炊事燃料.2 669名农村女性中生物燃料组1 233人（46.2％）,清洁能源组1 436人（53.8％）,两组中高血压患者分别为286和278名.单因素分析中生物燃料组高血压患病风险为1.26（95％CI：1.04 ～ 1.52）,两水平模型分析中该效应无统计学意义.进一步分析发现生物燃料组对象使用排风扇是高血压患病的保护因素（RR=0.61,95％CI：0.39 ～ 0.98）.结论 广东省农村地区生物燃料使用率较高,尚无足够证据说明其是否为农村女性高血压的相关因素,但室内空气污染问题应引起重视.Objective To understand the situation of biomass fuel use in rural Guangdong,and how it affecting the prevalence of hypertension in adult women.Methods Inhabitants aged 18 and above were chosen,using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method from 13 rural countries in Guangdong province in 2010.Questionnaire survey and blood pressure measurement were conducted.Multilevel logistic regression model was used to study the relationship between biomass fuel use and the prevalence of hypertension at both country and individual levels.Results Of the 5 794 rural families,2 569 （44.3%） cooked with biomass fuel in the kitchen.1 233 （46.2%） and 1 436 （53.8%） out of the 2 669 adult women used biomass fuel and clean energy,respectively.Results from x2 study showed that biomass users presented higher prevalence of hypertension （RR=1.26,95% CI：1.04-1.52）,but in multilevel model analysis,the difference was not significant.In addition,using an extractor fan when cooking seemed to have protected factor in decreasing the risk of hypertension among biomass users （RR=0.61,95%CI：0.39-0.98）.Conclusion Proportion of the use ofbiomass fuel was still high among rural families in Guangdong province.Although there was not enough evidence to verify the relationship between the use of biomass fuel and hypertension in adult women.However,concerns about the use of biomass fuel which causing the indoor air pollution,should be raised.

关 键 词：高血压 生物燃料 多水平模型 农村女性 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]