天然针阔混交林下穿透降雨特征及其模拟  

Throughfall Characteristics and Its Simulation in Natural Mixed Forest of Coniferous and Broad-leaved Trees

作　　者：周威[1,2] 康永祥[1] 刘建军[1,2] 夏国威[1] 刘小林 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]贺兰山森林生态系统定位研究站,宁夏银川750021 [3]甘肃小陇山森林生态系统定位研究站,甘肃天水741022

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2014年第3期109-115,共7页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目"晋陕黄土丘陵沟壑区生态经济型水土保持林研究与示范"(2011BAD38B0603);甘肃省科技支撑计划项目"陇南山地典型森林生态系统修复与维护技术研究"(1104FKCE070)

摘　　要：为了评估天然针阔混交林的生态水文功能,利用传统统计学和地统计学方法,对小陇山天然次生针阔混交林下穿透降雨特征及其空间分布格局与降雨量的关系进行分析研究。共收集了总降雨量947.3mm的29次降雨事件数据,总穿透雨量和穿透率分别为742.6mm和0.783 9。结果表明,穿透雨量随大气降雨量的增加而增加,直线、对数函数和Mitscherlich模型均能很好地描述二者的相关关系。穿透率随降雨量的增加而增大,最终趋于稳定值,可应用对数模型和Mitscherlich模型模拟穿透率与降雨量的关系。穿透降雨变异系数与降雨量呈负相关关系,可以用Mitscherlich模型较好地描述。穿透降雨空间分布的不均匀度随降雨量的增加有下降的趋势,并逐渐趋于稳定。穿透率的空间分布形态在不同雨量级存在明显差别。To evaluate eco-hydrological functions of natural mixed forest of coniferous and broad-leaved trees, a re- search on the relationships among throughfall characteristics, spatial throughfall distribution patterns and rainfall in natural secondary mixed forest of Xiaolong Mountains was conducted by statistics and geostatistics. Data of 29 rainfall events with gross precipitation of 947. 3 mm were collected. Total throughfall and throughfall ratio were 742.6 mm and 0. 783 9, respectively. Throughfall increased with increasing rainfall, which can be well described by line- ar, logarithmic and Mitscherlich models. The more the rainfall amount, the higher the throughfall ratio was. Moreover, throughfall ratio increased with increasing rainfall and the relationship can be well described by logarithmic and Mitscherlich models. Variation coefficient of throughfall is negatively correlated with precipi- tation and the relationship can be described by Mitscherlich model. As rainfall increases, the ununiformity of spatial distribution of throughfall tended to decline and eventually approached a steady state. The spatial dis- tributions of throughfall showed significant differences among different rainfall classes.

关 键 词：天然针阔混交林 穿透降雨 降雨量 空间分布 

分 类 号：S715.2[农业科学—林学] S718.5