西北地区植被覆盖变化及其与降水和气温的相关性  

Changes of Vegetation Cover and Its Correlation with Precipitation and Temperature in Northwest China

作　　者：韦振锋[1,2] 任志远[1] 张翀[1] 梁瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062 [2]广西财经学院,广西南宁530003

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2014年第3期283-289,共7页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"我国生态脆弱区能源开发生态效应测评与调控研究"(41071057)

摘　　要：基于1982—2006年半月最大化合成GIMMS—NDVI、降水和气温数据,利用线性回归、Sen+Mann—Kendall和相关分析等方法分析了中国西北地区植被变化及其与降水和气温相关的时空特征。研究结果表明:(1)1982—2006年,西北植被变化总体呈改善趋势,增速约为3%/10a(p=0.19)。大部分地区植被变化呈增长态势,主要分布在地表水资源丰富地区;只有少数地区呈下降趋势,主要分布在一些荒漠干旱地区。(2)近25a西北的降水量变化波动性较大,总体变化呈较弱减少趋势;气温年际变化波动性相对较小,总体变化趋势为显著上升。(3)从9月到翌年2月,即秋季和冬季,植被变化与当月降水相关程度较强;从3—8月,即春季和夏季,植被对降水的响应存在一定的滞后。而植被与气温相关,只有1,3月和12月存在一个月滞后,其他月份都与当月气温相关程度较强。(4)在干旱地区,地表水资源缺乏,植被与降水呈正相关,与气温呈负相关;在地表水资源丰富地区,植被与降水呈负相关,与气温呈正相关。Based on GIMMS--NDVI synthesizing half month maximum every year and precipitation and tem- perature data from 1982 to 2006, changes of vegetation cover and spatial and temporal characteristics of its correlation with precipitation and temperature were studied using linear regression, Sen ＋ Mann Kendall analysis and correlation analysis methods. Results are as follows： （1） From 1982 to 2006, change of vegeta- tion cover was obvious, with a changing rate of about 3%/10 a （p=0.19）. Changes of vegetation showed a rising trend in most of regions with more surface water and a declining trend mainly in few arid desert re- gions. （2） The fluctuation of precipitation was obvious in Northwest China during the past 25 a and the over- all trend showed a little decreasing. Interannual fluctuation of temperature was relatively small and its overall trend significantly increased. （3） From September to February next year, that is, from autumn to winter, the correlation between vegetation changes and precipitation was strong. From March to August, that is, from spring to summer, the response of vegetation to precipitation was a delay-dependent. The response of vegetation to temperature had one month lag in January, March and December and a significant correlation in other months. （4） Spatially, in the arid regions lacking surface water resources, the relationship between vegetation changes and precipitation was positive and between vegetation changes and temperature, negative. In the regions rich in surface water, the relationship between vegetation changes and precipitation was nega- tive, and between vegetation changes and temperature, positive.

关 键 词：西北地区 NDVI 相关分析 降水 气温 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] P46[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]